Department of Surgery, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Studley Road Heidelberg, Melbourne, VIC, 3088, Australia.
The Young Urology Researchers Organisation (YURO), Melbourne, Australia.
World J Urol. 2018 Apr;36(4):557-563. doi: 10.1007/s00345-018-2201-2. Epub 2018 Jan 25.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing was invented in 1983 but has only just begun to influence medicine and surgery. Conversion of digital images into physical models demonstrates promise to revolutionize multiple domains of surgery. In the field of uro-oncology, researchers and clinicians have recognized the potential of this technology and are working towards making it an integral part of urological practice. We review current literature regarding 3D printing and other 3D technology in the field of urology.
A comprehensive assessment of contemporary literature was performed according to a modified PRISMA analysis for the purposes of this narrative review article. Medical databases that were searched included: Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. Articles assessed were limited only to English-language peer-reviewed articles published between 1980 and 2017. The search terms used were "3D", "3-dimensional", "printing", "printing technology", "urology", "surgery". Acceptable articles were reviewed and incorporated for their merit and relevance with preference given for articles with high impact, original research and recent advances.
Thirty-five publications were included in final analysis and discussion.
The area of 3D printing in Urology shows promising results, but further research is required and cost reduction must occur before clinicians fully embrace its use. As costs continue to decline and diversity of materials continues to expand, research and clinical utilization will increase. Recent advances have demonstrated the potential of this technology in the realms of education and surgical optimization. The generation of personalized organs using 3D printing scaffolding remains the 'holy grail' of this technology.
三维（3D）打印技术于 1983 年发明，但直到现在才开始影响医学和外科领域。将数字图像转换为物理模型有望彻底改变多个外科领域。在泌尿肿瘤学领域，研究人员和临床医生已经认识到这项技术的潜力，并正在努力使其成为泌尿外科实践的一个组成部分。我们回顾了当前关于 3D 打印和泌尿外科学领域其他 3D 技术的文献。
根据修改后的 PRISMA 分析，对当代文献进行了全面评估，作为这篇叙述性综述文章的目的。我们检索的医学数据库包括：Web of Science、EMBASE 和 Cochrane 数据库。评估的文章仅限于 1980 年至 2017 年期间发表的英语同行评议文章。使用的搜索词是“3D”、“3 维”、“打印”、“打印技术”、“泌尿科”、“手术”。接受审查的文章因其优点和相关性而被纳入，并优先考虑具有高影响力、原始研究和最新进展的文章。
最终分析和讨论纳入了 35 篇出版物。
泌尿科 3D 打印领域显示出有希望的结果，但需要进一步研究，并且必须降低成本，临床医生才能完全接受其使用。随着成本的持续下降和材料的多样性不断扩大，研究和临床应用将会增加。最近的进展已经证明了这项技术在教育和手术优化领域的潜力。使用 3D 打印支架生成个性化器官仍然是这项技术的“圣杯”。
