Redcliffe Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Herston Biofabrication Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
BJU Int. 2020 Jan;125(1):17-27. doi: 10.1111/bju.14928. Epub 2019 Nov 6.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing or additive manufacturing is a new technology that has seen rapid development in recent years with decreasing costs. 3D printing allows the creation of customised, finely detailed constructs. Technological improvements, increased printer availability, decreasing costs, improved cell culture techniques, and biomaterials have enabled complex, novel and individualised medical treatments to be developed. Although the long-term goal of printing biocompatible organs has not yet been achieved, major advances have been made utilising 3D printing in biomedical engineering. In this literature review, we discuss the role of 3D printing in relation to urological surgery. We highlight the common printing methods employed and show examples of clinical urological uses. Currently, 3D printing can be used in urology for education of trainees and patients, surgical planning, creation of urological equipment, and bioprinting. In this review, we summarise the current applications of 3D-printing technology in these areas of urology.
三维（3D）打印或增材制造是一项近年来发展迅速的新技术，成本不断降低。3D 打印可以创建定制的、精细的结构。技术进步、打印机可用性提高、成本降低、细胞培养技术改进和生物材料的发展，使得复杂、新颖和个体化的医疗治疗方法得以开发。尽管打印生物相容性器官的长期目标尚未实现，但在生物医学工程中利用 3D 打印已经取得了重大进展。在这篇文献综述中，我们讨论了 3D 打印在泌尿外科手术中的作用。我们强调了常用的打印方法，并展示了临床泌尿外科应用的实例。目前，3D 打印可用于泌尿科医生对学员和患者的教育、手术规划、泌尿外科设备的创建和生物打印。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 3D 打印技术在这些泌尿外科领域的当前应用。
