Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH-Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
Med Biol Eng Comput. 2018 Aug;56(8):1487-1498. doi: 10.1007/s11517-018-1790-7. Epub 2018 Jan 27.
For any implantable device size and efficiency are critical properties. Thus, a linear motor for a Total Artificial Heart was optimized with focus on driver electronics and control strategies. Hardware requirements were defined from power supply and motor setup. Four full bridges were chosen for the power electronics. Shunt resistors were set up for current measurement. Unipolar and bipolar switching for power electronics control were compared regarding current ripple and power losses. Here, unipolar switching showed smaller current ripple and required less power to create the necessary motor forces. Based on calculations for minimal power losses Lorentz force was distributed to the actor's four coils. The distribution was determined as ratio of effective magnetic flux through each coil, which was captured by a force test rig. Static and dynamic measurements under physiological conditions analyzed interaction of control and hardware and all efficiencies were over 89%. In conclusion, the designed electronics, optimized control strategy and applied current distribution create the required motor force and perform optimal under physiological conditions. The developed driver electronics and control offer optimized size and efficiency for any implantable or portable device with multiple independent motor coils. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
对于任何可植入设备来说，尺寸和效率都是关键特性。因此，我们针对驱动器电子设备和控制策略对全人工心脏的直线电机进行了优化。硬件要求由电源和电机设置定义。选择了四个全桥用于电力电子设备。为电流测量设置了分流电阻器。比较了用于电力电子控制的单极和双极开关，考虑了电流纹波和功率损耗。单极开关的电流纹波较小，为产生必要的电机力所需的功率也较小。基于最小功率损耗的计算，洛伦兹力分配给执行器的四个线圈。通过力测试台捕获每个线圈的有效磁通比来确定分配。在生理条件下进行的静态和动态测量分析了控制和硬件的相互作用，所有效率均超过 89%。总之，设计的电子设备、优化的控制策略和应用的电流分配产生了所需的电机力，并在生理条件下表现最佳。开发的驱动器电子设备和控制为具有多个独立电机线圈的任何可植入或便携式设备提供了优化的尺寸和效率。
