Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, East Fifth Street, 104 Rawl Building, Greenville, NC 27858-4353 USA.
Department of Psychology, Appalachian State University, P.O. Box 32109, 222 Joyce Lawrence Ln, Boone, NC, 28608, USA.
Appetite. 2018 Jun 1;125:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.01.016. Epub 2018 Jan 31.
Adult picky eating (PE) has received increased attention in the eating behavior literature due to its important association with adult avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). The current study tested a model of potential risk factors of adult PE behavior, including perceived early parental feeding practices. An exploratory model was also utilized to understand associations with different aspects of adult PE behaviors.
A sample of 1339 US adults recruited through Amazon's MTurk completed an online survey that included the recently developed Adult Picky Eating Questionnaire (APEQ), retrospective reports of parental feeding practices, and other measures of eating behavior and demographic variables. A structural equation modeling procedure tested a series of regression models that included BMI and disordered eating behaviors as covariates.
SEM modeling indicated that retrospective reports of greater parental pressure to eat, higher disgust sensitivity, lower PE age of onset, and experiencing an aversive food event were associated with general adult PE behavior. Results also indicated parental encouragement of healthy eating may be a protective factor, and that men endorsed higher levels of adult PE. Exploratory analyses indicated that cross-sectional predictors and covariates were differentially related to specific aspects of PE as measured by the APEQ subscales.
Early experiences, including parental approaches to feeding, appear to be potential risk factors of PE behavior in adults. A nuanced understanding of adult PE is important for the prevention and treatment of severe PE behaviors, related psychosocial impairment, and ARFID.
由于成人挑食（PE）与成人回避限制型食物摄入障碍（ARFID）之间存在重要关联，因此其在饮食行为文献中受到了越来越多的关注。本研究检验了成人 PE 行为潜在风险因素的模型，包括感知到的早期父母喂养行为。还利用探索性模型来了解与成人 PE 行为不同方面的关联。
通过亚马逊的 MTurk 招募了 1339 名美国成年人，他们完成了一项在线调查，其中包括最近开发的成人挑食问卷（APEQ）、父母喂养行为的回顾性报告以及其他饮食行为和人口统计学变量的测量。结构方程模型程序测试了一系列回归模型，其中包括 BMI 和饮食失调行为作为协变量。
SEM 模型表明，对父母更大的进食压力、更高的厌恶感敏感性、更低的 PE 发病年龄以及经历不愉快的食物事件的回顾性报告与一般的成人 PE 行为有关。结果还表明，父母鼓励健康饮食可能是一种保护因素，而且男性报告的成人 PE 水平更高。探索性分析表明，横断面预测因子和协变量与 APEQ 子量表测量的特定方面的 PE 有不同的关系。
早期经验，包括父母喂养方式，似乎是成人 PE 行为的潜在风险因素。对成人 PE 的细致了解对于预防和治疗严重的 PE 行为、相关的心理社会障碍和 ARFID 很重要。
