马来西亚中小学生的早餐消费情况及其与体重状况的关系——“我的早餐”研究结果

Breakfast consumption among Malaysian primary and secondary school children and relationship with body weight status - Findings from the MyBreakfast Study.

作者信息

Tee E Siong, Nurliyana Abdul Razak, Norimah A Karim, Mohamed Hamid Jan B Jan, Tan Sue Yee, Appukutty Mahenderan, Hopkins Sinead, Thielecke Frank, Ong Moi Kim, Ning Celia, Nasir Mohd Taib Mohd

机构信息

Nutrition Society of Malaysia, c/o Division of Human Nutrition, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Email:

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.

出版信息

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2018;27(2):421-432. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.062017.12.

DOI:10.6133/apjcn.062017.12

PMID:29384332

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to determine the relationship between breakfast consumption and body weight status among primary and secondary school children in Malaysia.

METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN

This nationwide cross-sectional study involved 5,332 primary school children aged 6 to 12 years and 3,000 secondary school children aged 13 to 17 years. Height and weight were measured and BMI-for-age was determined. Socio-demographic backgrounds, breakfast habits and physical activity levels were assessed using questionnaires. Breakfast frequency was defined as follows: breakfast skippers (ate breakfast 0-2 days/week), irregular breakfast eaters (ate breakfast 3-4 days/week) and regular breakfast eaters (ate breakfast ≥5 days/week).

RESULTS

The overall prevalence of breakfast skippers and irregular breakfast eaters was 11.7% and 12.7% respectively. Breakfast skipping was related to age, sex, ethnicity, income and physical activity level. Among primary school boys and secondary school girls, the proportion of overweight/obesity was higher among breakfast skippers (boys: 43.9%, girls: 30.5%) than regular breakfast eaters (boys: 31.2%, girls: 22.7%). Among primary school children, only boys who skipped breakfast had a higher mean BMI-for-age z-score than regular breakfast eaters. Among secondary school boys and girls, BMI-for-age z-score was higher among breakfast skippers than regular breakfast eaters. Compared to regular breakfast eaters, primary school boys who skipped breakfast were 1.71 times (95% CI=1.26-2.32, p=0.001) more likely to be overweight/obese, while the risk was lower in primary school girls (OR=1.36, 95% CI=1.02-1.81, p=0.039) and secondary school girls (OR=1.38, 95% CI=1.01-1.90, p=0.044).

CONCLUSION

Regular breakfast consumption was associated with a healthier body weight status and is a dietary behaviour which should be encouraged.

摘要

背景与目的

本研究旨在确定马来西亚中小学生早餐摄入与体重状况之间的关系。

方法与研究设计

这项全国性横断面研究涉及5332名6至12岁的小学生和3000名13至17岁的中学生。测量身高和体重，并确定年龄别体重指数（BMI）。使用问卷评估社会人口背景、早餐习惯和身体活动水平。早餐频率定义如下：不吃早餐者（每周吃早餐0 - 2天）、不规律吃早餐者（每周吃早餐3 - 4天）和规律吃早餐者（每周吃早餐≥5天）。

结果

不吃早餐者和不规律吃早餐者的总体患病率分别为11.7%和12.7%。不吃早餐与年龄、性别、种族、收入和身体活动水平有关。在小学男生和中学女生中，不吃早餐者中超重/肥胖的比例（男生：43.9%，女生：30.5%）高于规律吃早餐者（男生：31.2%，女生：22.7%）。在小学生中，只有不吃早餐的男生年龄别BMI z评分高于规律吃早餐者。在中学男生和女生中，不吃早餐者的年龄别BMI z评分高于规律吃早餐者。与规律吃早餐者相比，不吃早餐的小学男生超重/肥胖的可能性高1.71倍（95%置信区间=1.26 - 2.32，p = 0.001），而小学女生（比值比=1.36，95%置信区间=1.02 - 1.81，p = 0.039）和中学女生（比值比=1.38，95%置信区间=1.01 - 1.90，p = 0.044）的风险较低。