1King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)/King Abdulaziz Medical City(KAMC), Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
2College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2018 Jan 22;7:12. doi: 10.1186/s13756-018-0306-4. eCollection 2018.
There is limited data that investigates the national rates of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Saudi Arabia.This study aimed to estimate the rates of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB), and monoresistance (MR) in Saudi Arabia.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on all TB cases reported to the National TB Control and Prevention Program (NTCPP) registry at the Saudi Ministry of Health between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2015. A total of 2098 TB patients with positive TB cultures were included in the study. Subgroup analyses and multivariate binary logistic regression models were performed with IBM SPSS 23.0.
Of the total TB cases, 4.4% (95% CI: 3.59%-5.40%) were found to have MDR-TB. The rates of MR were 3.8% (95% CI: 2.99%-4.67%) for ethambutol, 5.4% (95% CI: 4.50%-6.49%) for pyrazinamide, 10.2% (95% CI: 5.89%-11.52%) for isoniazid, 11% (95% CI: 9.70%-12.43%) for streptomycin, and 5.9% (95% CI: 4.90%-6.96%) for rifampicin. The high rates of MDR and RR-TB were found among the younger age group, female gender, and those who had a previous history of TB. We also discovered that renal failure tends to increase the risk of rifampicin resistance.
National TB data in Saudi Arabia shows that the rate of MDR-TB was similar to the global rate reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). It is a relatively high rate as compared to Western countries. The proportion of MDR/RR-TB patients tends to be higher in the younger age group, female gender, and in patients with a previous history of TB treatment. Effective strategies for prevention of all multi-drug-resistant TB cases are warranted.
目前沙特阿拉伯全国范围内耐药结核病（TB）的数据有限。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）、利福平耐药结核病（RR-TB）和单耐药（MR）的发生率。
本研究采用回顾性队列研究方法，对沙特卫生部国家结核病控制和预防规划（NTCPP）登记处 2014 年 1 月 1 日至 2015 年 12 月 31 日期间报告的所有结核病例进行了研究。共纳入 2098 例结核分枝杆菌培养阳性的结核患者。采用 IBM SPSS 23.0 进行亚组分析和多变量二项逻辑回归模型分析。
在所有结核病例中，4.4%（95%可信区间：3.59%-5.40%）被发现患有 MDR-TB。乙胺丁醇、吡嗪酰胺、异烟肼、链霉素和利福平的 MR 率分别为 3.8%（95%可信区间：2.99%-4.67%）、5.4%（95%可信区间：4.50%-6.49%）、10.2%（95%可信区间：5.89%-11.52%）、11%（95%可信区间：9.70%-12.43%）和 5.9%（95%可信区间：4.90%-6.96%）。年轻年龄组、女性和有既往结核病病史的患者中 MDR 和 RR-TB 的高发生率。我们还发现肾衰竭会增加利福平耐药的风险。
沙特阿拉伯的国家结核病数据显示，MDR-TB 的发生率与世界卫生组织（WHO）报告的全球发生率相似。与西方国家相比，这是一个相对较高的比率。年轻年龄组、女性和有既往结核病治疗史的患者中 MDR/RR-TB 患者的比例较高。需要采取有效的预防所有多药耐药结核病例的策略。
