Ndu K I, Ekwochi U, Osuorah D C, Ifediora O C, Amadi F O, Asinobi I N, Okenwa O W, Orjioke J C, Ogbuka F N, Ulasi T O
Department of Paediatrics, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu State, Engu, Nigeria.
Child Survival Unit, Medical Research Council UK, The Gambia Unit, Fajara, Gambia.
Pediatric Health Med Ther. 2016 Nov 10;7:141-148. doi: 10.2147/PHMT.S115842. eCollection 2016.
Child safety restraints and seat belts are regarded as the most successful safety and cost-effective protective devices available to vehicle occupants, which have saved millions of lives. This cross-sectional descriptive study evaluated the practice and use of child car restraints (CCRs) among 458 purposively selected respondents resident in two local government areas in Enugu State, Nigeria. Self-administered questionnaires were sent to parents of children attending private schools who owned a car. Chi-square and multivariate analyses were used to assess the determinants of the use of car restraints in children among respondents. In all, 56% and 45% of adults and children, respectively, used car restraints regularly. The awareness of child safety laws and actual use of age-appropriate CCRs among respondents was negatively and weakly correlated (=-0.121, =0.310). Only respondent's use of seat belt during driving (=0.001) and having being cautioned for non-use of CCRs (=0.005) maintained significance as determinants of the use of CCRs in cars on multivariate analysis. The most frequent reasons given for the non-use of CCRs included the child being uncomfortable, 64 (31%); restraints not being important, 53 (26%), and restraints being too expensive, 32 (15%). Similarly, for irregular users, exceptions for non-use included the child being asleep (29%), inadequate number of CCRs (22%), and the child being sick (18%). There is a need for a strategy change to enforce the use of CCRs in Nigeria.
儿童安全约束装置和安全带被视为车辆乘客可用的最成功的安全且具成本效益的保护装置，它们挽救了数百万人的生命。这项横断面描述性研究评估了尼日利亚埃努古州两个地方政府辖区内458名有目的地挑选出的居民中儿童汽车约束装置（CCR）的使用情况。自行填写的问卷被发送给拥有汽车的私立学校儿童的家长。使用卡方检验和多变量分析来评估受访者中儿童使用汽车约束装置的决定因素。总体而言，分别有56%的成年人和45%的儿童经常使用汽车约束装置。受访者对儿童安全法律的认知与实际使用适合年龄的CCR之间呈负相关且相关性较弱（=-0.121，=0.310）。在多变量分析中，只有受访者在驾驶时使用安全带（=0.001）以及曾因未使用CCR而被警告（=0.005）作为汽车中使用CCR的决定因素仍具有显著性。不使用CCR最常给出的原因包括孩子不舒服，64人（31%）；约束装置不重要，53人（26%）；以及约束装置太贵，32人（15%）。同样，对于不经常使用者，不使用的例外情况包括孩子睡着了（29%）、CCR数量不足（22%）以及孩子生病（18%）。在尼日利亚需要改变策略以强制使用CCR。
