Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Food Drug Anal. 2018 Jan;26(1):135-144. doi: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.11.021. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
Cordycepin is one of the most crucial bioactive compounds produced by Cordyceps militaris and has exhibited antitumor activity in various cancers. However, industrial production of large amounts of cordycepin is difficult. The porcine liver is abundant in proteins, vitamins, and adenosine, and these ingredients may increase cordycepin production and bioconversion during C. militaris fermentation. We observed that porcine liver extracts increased cordycepin production. In addition, air supply (2 h/d) significantly increased the cordycepin level in surface liquid-cultured C. militaris after 14 days. Moreover, blue light light-emitting diode irradiation (16 h/d) increased cordycepin production. These findings indicated that these conditions are suitable for increasing cordycepin production. We used these conditions to obtain water extract from the mycelia of surface liquid-cultured C. militaris (WECM) and evaluated the anti-oral cancer activity of this extract in vitro and in vivo. The results revealed that WECM inhibited the cell viability of SCC-4 oral cancer cells and arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction (mitochondrial fission) were observed in SCC-4 cells treated with WECM for 12 hours. Furthermore, WECM reduced tumor formation in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis through the downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, vascular endothelial growth factor, and c-fos expression. The results indicated that porcine liver extracts irradiated with blue light light-emitting diode and supplied with air can be used as a suitable medium for the growth of mycelia and production of cordycepin, which can be used in the treatment of oral cancer.
蛹虫草素是蛹虫草产生的最重要的生物活性化合物之一，在各种癌症中表现出抗肿瘤活性。然而，大量工业生产蛹虫草素是困难的。猪肝富含蛋白质、维生素和腺苷，这些成分可能会增加蛹虫草发酵过程中蛹虫草素的产量和生物转化。我们观察到猪肝提取物增加了蛹虫草素的产量。此外，在 14 天后，空气供应（每天 2 小时）显著增加了表面液体培养的蛹虫草中蛹虫草素的水平。此外，蓝光发光二极管照射（每天 16 小时）增加了蛹虫草素的产量。这些发现表明这些条件适合增加蛹虫草素的产量。我们使用这些条件从表面液体培养的蛹虫草的菌丝体中获得水提取物（WECM），并评估了该提取物在体外和体内的抗口腔癌活性。结果表明，WECM 抑制了 SCC-4 口腔癌细胞的细胞活力，并将细胞周期阻滞在 G2/M 期。在用 WECM 处理 12 小时后，SCC-4 细胞中观察到氧化应激和线粒体功能障碍（线粒体分裂）。此外，WECM 通过下调增殖细胞核抗原、血管内皮生长因子和 c-fos 的表达，减少了 7,12-二甲基苯并[a]蒽诱导的仓鼠颊囊癌变中的肿瘤形成。结果表明，用蓝光发光二极管照射并供给空气的猪肝提取物可用作菌丝体生长和蛹虫草素生产的合适培养基，可用于治疗口腔癌。
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