Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Naples, Italy.
Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en, Andalucía, Avda. del Conocimiento 34, Granada, 18016, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 2;8(1):2284. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20611-x.
Marine microalgae are considered a potentially new and valuable source of biologically active compounds for applications in several biotechnology sectors. They can be easily cultured, have short generation times and enable an environmentally-friendly approach to drug discovery by overcoming problems associated with the over-utilization of marine resources and the use of destructive collection practices. Considering the increasing rate of antibiotic-resistance bacteria and infections by fungi, 46 microalgae have been screened in this study for possible antibacterial and antifungal activities. Two different extraction methods have been used in order to increase the probability of finding positive hits. In particular, we screened microalgae in both control and nutrient stress conditions. We also tested different strains for 7 species in order to study potentially different bioactivities due to strain diversity. Results showed that extracts of two diatoms, Skeletonema tropicum and Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus, had anti-tuberculosis activity and were active only when cultured in the control and phosphate-starvation conditions, while the nitrogen starvation condition showed no activity. In addition, we tested both the organic and water extracts and found that only the organic extracts for both diatoms were active. The organic extracts of these two diatom species were not toxic on normal human cell lines.
海洋微藻被认为是一种具有潜在价值的生物活性化合物的新来源，可应用于多个生物技术领域。它们易于培养，世代时间短，通过克服过度利用海洋资源和破坏性采集做法所带来的问题，为药物发现提供了一种环保的方法。鉴于抗生素耐药细菌和真菌感染的发生率不断上升，本研究筛选了 46 种微藻，以评估其可能具有的抗菌和抗真菌活性。为了提高发现阳性结果的概率，我们使用了两种不同的提取方法。特别是，我们在对照和营养胁迫条件下筛选了微藻。我们还测试了 7 种不同品系的不同菌株，以研究由于菌株多样性可能导致的潜在不同的生物活性。结果表明，两种硅藻（Skeletonema tropicum 和 Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus）的提取物具有抗结核活性，并且仅在对照和磷饥饿条件下培养时才具有活性，而氮饥饿条件下则没有活性。此外，我们测试了这两种硅藻的有机和水提取物，发现只有这两种硅藻的有机提取物具有活性。这两种硅藻的有机提取物对正常人体细胞系没有毒性。
