儿童接种卡介苗预防麻风病：缅甸试验的14年研究结果
BCG vaccination of children against leprosy: fourteen-year findings of the trial in Burma.
作者信息
Lwin K, Sundaresan T, Gyi M M, Bechelli L M, Tamondong C, Garbajosa P G, Sansarricq H, Noordeen S K
出版信息
Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63(6):1069-78.
The value of BCG vaccination in preventing leprosy among children was studied in an area of high leprosy endemicity in Burma through a controlled trial; one group of 13 066 children received BCG and another group of 13 176 served as controls. The overall protective effect of BCG, which was only about 20% over the 14-year period, was found to vary with the batch of vaccine, as well as age, sex, and contact status of the children. BCG protection was found to be independent of the initial tuberculin status of the children. The protective effect of BCG against the lepromatous type of leprosy could not be measured because of the low incidence. Protection was observed throughout the fourteen years of the study except for the first year. The results are compared with those of three other major BCG trials in leprosy. The trial has shown that BCG provides only a very modest level of protection and that BCG vaccination is not likely to be an important solution for leprosy control.
在缅甸麻风病高流行地区，通过一项对照试验研究了卡介苗接种在预防儿童麻风病方面的价值；一组13066名儿童接种了卡介苗，另一组13176名儿童作为对照。卡介苗的总体保护效果在14年期间仅约为20%，发现其会因疫苗批次以及儿童的年龄、性别和接触状况而有所不同。发现卡介苗的保护作用与儿童最初的结核菌素状态无关。由于麻风瘤型麻风病发病率低，无法测定卡介苗对其的保护效果。除第一年外，在整个14年的研究期间均观察到了保护作用。将结果与其他三项关于麻风病的主要卡介苗试验结果进行了比较。该试验表明，卡介苗仅提供非常有限的保护水平，卡介苗接种不太可能成为控制麻风病的重要解决方案。
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