Atlas S A, Volpe M, Sosa R E, Laragh J H, Camargo M J, Maack T
Fed Proc. 1986 Jun;45(7):2115-21.
Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) antagonizes vasoconstriction induced by numerous smooth muscle agonists and also lowers blood pressure in intact animals. ANF has particularly marked relaxant effects on angiotensin II-contracted vessels in vitro. Sensitivity to the blood pressure-lowering effect of ANF in vivo appears to be enhanced in renin-dependent models of renovascular hypertension compared with other experimental hypertensive models. The depressor action of low, possibly physiological doses of ANF in two-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt rats is due to a decrease in total peripheral resistance. On the other hand, high doses of ANF can lower cardiac output, particularly in volume-expanded models such as deoxycorticosterone-salt hypertension. ANF markedly inhibits renin secretion in intact animals, probably via increased glomerular filtration rate and load of sodium chloride to the macula densa. This effect is masked when renal perfusion is impaired (e.g., via unilateral renal artery constriction), in which case ANF may stimulate renin secretion slightly. ANF also reduces plasma aldosterone in vivo and inhibits basal and agonist-induced aldosterone release from isolated adrenal cortical cells. This effect appears to be especially marked for angiotensin-induced aldosterone production in vivo and in vitro. These findings indicate that ANF has potentially important interactions with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and suggest a role for ANF in the homeostatic control of blood pressure as well as of extracellular fluid volume.
心房利钠因子（ANF）可拮抗多种平滑肌激动剂诱导的血管收缩，并降低完整动物的血压。在体外，ANF对血管紧张素II收缩的血管具有特别显著的舒张作用。与其他实验性高血压模型相比，在肾血管性高血压的肾素依赖性模型中，体内对ANF降压作用的敏感性似乎增强。低剂量（可能是生理剂量）的ANF对两肾一夹型Goldblatt大鼠的降压作用是由于总外周阻力降低。另一方面，高剂量的ANF可降低心输出量，特别是在容量扩张模型中，如脱氧皮质酮-盐性高血压。ANF在完整动物中显著抑制肾素分泌，可能是通过增加肾小球滤过率和致密斑处氯化钠的负荷。当肾灌注受损时（如通过单侧肾动脉狭窄），这种作用会被掩盖，在这种情况下，ANF可能会轻微刺激肾素分泌。ANF还可降低体内血浆醛固酮水平，并抑制离体肾上腺皮质细胞基础及激动剂诱导的醛固酮释放。这种作用在体内和体外对血管紧张素诱导的醛固酮生成似乎尤为显著。这些发现表明，ANF与肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统存在潜在的重要相互作用，并提示ANF在血压以及细胞外液容量的稳态控制中发挥作用。
