Claudie Hooper, Gérontopôle, Department of Geriatrics, CHU Toulouse, Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France, Tel : +33 (5) 61 77 64 25, Fax : +33 (5) 61 77 64 75
J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2018;5(1):78-84. doi: 10.14283/jpad.2017.19.
Significant research attention has focussed on the identification of nutraceutical agents for the prevention of cognitive decline as a natural means of cognitive preservation in the elderly. There is some evidence for a reduction of brain omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in normal aging and in Alzheimer's disease. n-3 PUFAs exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-amyloidogenic properties as well as being able to reduce tau phosphorylation. Many observational studies have demonstrated a link between n-3 PUFAs and cognitive aging, and some, but not all, randomized controlled trials have demonstrated a benefit of n-3 PUFA supplementation on cognition, particularly in those subjects with mild cognitive impairment. The identification of a biomarker that reflects n-3 PUFA intake over time and consequent tissue levels is required. In this narrative review we discuss the evidence associating red blood cell membrane n-3 PUFAs with cognitive function and structural brain changes associated with Alzheimer's disease.
大量研究关注于寻找营养药物来预防认知能力下降，作为老年人认知能力保护的一种自然手段。有一些证据表明，在正常衰老和阿尔茨海默病中，大脑中的ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFA）减少。n-3 PUFA 具有抗炎和抗淀粉样变性的特性，并且能够减少 tau 磷酸化。许多观察性研究表明 n-3 PUFA 与认知老化之间存在联系，一些（但不是全部）随机对照试验表明 n-3 PUFA 补充对认知有益，特别是对那些有轻度认知障碍的患者。需要确定一个能够反映 n-3 PUFA 随时间摄入和随后组织水平的生物标志物。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们讨论了与红细胞膜 n-3 PUFA 与认知功能以及与阿尔茨海默病相关的结构性脑变化相关的证据。
