Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2018 Jan;63:28-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.03.010. Epub 2017 Apr 4.
Atmospheric pollutants including SO, NO, CO, O and inhalable particulate matter (PM and PM) were monitored continuously from March 2014 to February 2015 to investigate characteristics of air pollution at Lhasa, Tibetan Plateau. Species exhibited similar seasonal variations except O, with the peaks in winter but low valleys in summer. The maximum O concentration was observed in spring, followed by summer, autumn, and winter. The positive correlation between O and PM in spring indicated similar sources of them, and was assumed to be turbulent transport. Temperature was the dominant meteorological factor for most species in spring. High temperature accelerates O photochemistry, and favors air disturbance which is conductive to dust resuspension in spring. Relative humidity (RH) and atmospheric pressure were the main meteorological factors in summer. RH showed negative correlations with species, while atmospheric pressure posed opposite situation. Wind speed (WS) was the dominant meteorological factor in autumn, the negative correlations between WS and species indicated diffusion by wind. Most species showed non-significant correlations with meteorological factors in winter, indicating the dependence of pollution on source emission rather than restriction by meteorology. Pollution weather character indicated that emissions were from biomass burning and dust suspension, and meteorological factors also played an important role. Air stream injection from the stratosphere was observed during O pollution period. Air parcels from Southwest Asia were observed during air pollution period in winter. An enhancement in air pollutants such as O would be expected in the future, more attention should be given to countermeasures for prevention of air pollution in the future.
从 2014 年 3 月到 2015 年 2 月，连续监测了拉萨大气污染物，包括 SO、NO、CO、O 和可吸入颗粒物（PM 和 PM），以研究青藏高原空气污染特征。除了 O 以外，其他物种的季节性变化相似，冬季峰值，夏季低谷。O 的最大浓度出现在春季，其次是夏季、秋季和冬季。春季 O 和 PM 的正相关表明它们有相似的来源，可能是紊流输送。温度是春季大多数物种的主要气象因素。高温加速了 O 的光化学反应，有利于空气扰动，有利于春季扬尘再起。相对湿度（RH）和大气压是夏季的主要气象因素。RH 与物种呈负相关，而大气压则相反。风速（WS）是秋季的主要气象因素，WS 与物种之间的负相关表明风的扩散作用。冬季大多数物种与气象因素没有显著相关性，表明污染依赖于污染源排放，而不是受气象条件限制。污染天气特征表明，排放源来自生物质燃烧和扬尘悬浮，气象因素也起了重要作用。观测到 O 污染期间有平流层空气注入。冬季空气污染期间观测到来自西南亚的气团。未来预计会有更多的空气污染物（如 O）增强，因此未来应更加关注预防空气污染的对策。
