Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Apr;25(11):11074-11083. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-1401-z. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
Having in mind that there is a general lack of monitoring plans and precaution measures in the developing countries and that the Danube is the second longest river in Europe, the estimation of the relevant concentration levels of unregulated xenobiotics is a topic of interest both on local and international level. The selected pharmaceuticals, caffeine, and benzotriazole presented in the collected water samples from seven representative locations around the territory of Novi Sad, Serbia, during 1-year period, were analyzed with the use of solid-phase extraction followed by the liquid chromatography coupled with triple quad tandem mass spectrometry. The most frequently detected compounds were caffeine and carbamazepine in the concentrations up to 621 and 22.2 ng/L, respectively, while the maximum concentration of the analyzed pharmaceuticals was obtained for ibuprofen (60.1 ng/L). The presence of benzotriazole along the analyzed section of the river was confirmed in the concentration levels up to 26.7 ng/L. Although sulfamethoxazole and desmethyldiazepam were detected at trace levels (0.22 and 3.41 ng/L, respectively); the presence of these pharmaceuticals in complex mixtures should not be neglected. Due to the frequent detection caffeine, carbamazepine, ibuprofen, and benzotriazole could be proper candidate for hydrophilic anthropogenic markers for quantification of wastewater contamination in surface water in the analyzed Danube section.
考虑到发展中国家普遍缺乏监测计划和预防措施，而多瑙河是欧洲第二长的河流，因此评估未受监管的外来化合物的相关浓度水平是一个在地方和国际层面都感兴趣的话题。在塞尔维亚诺维萨德地区的七个代表性地点，在为期一年的时间内采集了水样，使用固相萃取和液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱联用技术对水样中的选定药物（咖啡因和苯并三唑）进行了分析。在所检测到的化合物中，咖啡因和卡马西平的浓度最高，分别达到 621 和 22.2ng/L，而所分析药物的最大浓度为布洛芬（60.1ng/L）。在分析的河段中，确认了苯并三唑的存在，其浓度高达 26.7ng/L。尽管磺胺甲恶唑和去甲西泮的浓度很低（分别为 0.22 和 3.41ng/L），但在复杂混合物中存在这些药物不应被忽视。由于经常检测到咖啡因、卡马西平、布洛芬和苯并三唑，它们可能是用于定量分析所分析多瑙河段地表水受废水污染情况的亲水性人为标记物的合适候选物。
