Shoemaker J Kevin, Klassen Stephen A, Badrov Mark B, Fadel Paul J
School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario , Canada.
Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, Texas.
J Neurophysiol. 2018 May 1;119(5):1731-1744. doi: 10.1152/jn.00841.2017. Epub 2018 Feb 7.
As a primary component of homeostasis, the sympathetic nervous system enables rapid adjustments to stress through its ability to communicate messages among organs and cause targeted and graded end organ responses. Key in this communication model is the pattern of neural signals emanating from the central to peripheral components of the sympathetic nervous system. But what is the communication strategy employed in peripheral sympathetic nerve activity (SNA)? Can we develop and interpret the system of coding in SNA that improves our understanding of the neural control of the circulation? In 1968, Hagbarth and Vallbo (Hagbarth KE, Vallbo AB. Acta Physiol Scand 74: 96-108, 1968) reported the first use of microneurographic methods to record sympathetic discharges in peripheral nerves of conscious humans, allowing quantification of SNA at rest and sympathetic responsiveness to physiological stressors in health and disease. This technique also has enabled a growing investigation into the coding patterns within, and cardiovascular outcomes associated with, postganglionic SNA. This review outlines how results obtained by microneurographic means have improved our understanding of SNA outflow patterns at the action potential level, focusing on SNA directed toward skeletal muscle in conscious humans.
作为体内平衡的主要组成部分，交感神经系统能够通过在各器官之间传递信息并引发有针对性的、分级的终末器官反应，从而实现对压力的快速调节。在这种通信模型中，关键在于从交感神经系统的中枢部分向外周部分发出的神经信号模式。但是，外周交感神经活动（SNA）采用的通信策略是什么？我们能否开发并解读SNA中的编码系统，以增进我们对循环系统神经控制的理解？1968年，哈格巴思和瓦尔博（哈格巴思KE，瓦尔博AB。《生理学杂志》74: 96 - 108，1968）报道了首次使用微神经图技术记录清醒人类外周神经中的交感神经放电，从而能够量化静息状态下的SNA以及健康和疾病状态下交感神经对生理应激源的反应。这项技术还推动了对节后SNA内部编码模式以及与之相关的心血管结局的研究不断增加。本综述概述了通过微神经图方法获得的结果如何增进了我们在动作电位水平上对SNA流出模式的理解，重点关注清醒人类中指向骨骼肌的SNA。
