肠内通路及其相关并发症。

Enteral Access and Associated Complications.

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 25 Courtenay Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; DeLegge Medical, 4057 Longmarsh Road, Awendaw, SC 29429, USA.

出版信息

Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2018 Mar;47(1):23-37. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2017.09.003. Epub 2017 Dec 7.

DOI:10.1016/j.gtc.2017.09.003

PMID:29413015

Abstract

Enteral access is the foundation for feeding in patients unable to meet their nutrition needs orally and have a functional gastrointestinal tract. Enteral feeding requires placement of a feeding tube. Tubes can be placed through an orifice or percutaneously into the stomach or proximal small intestine at the bedside or in specialized areas of the hospital. Bedside tubes can be placed by the nurse or the physician, such as in the intensive care unit. Percutaneous feeding tubes are placed by the gastroenterologist, surgeon, or radiologist. This article reviews the types of enteral access and the associated complications.

摘要

肠内营养途径是指无法经口摄入满足机体营养需求的患者的营养支持基础，且患者胃肠道功能正常。肠内营养需要通过放置喂养管来实现。喂养管可以经口或通过皮穿刺的方式安放在胃或近端小肠内，操作可以在床边或在医院的特定区域（如重症监护病房）进行。床边置管可以由护士或医生完成，如在重症监护病房。经皮喂养管则由胃肠病学家、外科医生或放射科医生放置。本文将对肠内营养途径的类型及其相关并发症进行综述。