Design and optimization of genetically encoded biosensors for high-throughput screening of chemicals.

Evolutionary engineering of microbes for the production of metabolites requires efficient screening methods to test vast mutant libraries. Genetically encoded biosensors are regarded as promising screening devices owing to their wide range of detectable ligands and great applicability to high-throughput screening and selection. Here, we reviewed the current progress in design and optimization of biosensors for high-throughput screening of chemicals. First, we summarized genetic parts of biosensors and strategies for their discovery and development. Next, we explained the properties of biosensors that are relevant to high-throughput screening. Finally, we described various methods for tuning biosensors to fulfill requirements of an efficient screening.