Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet B220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2018 Apr;50:146-157. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.01.002. Epub 2018 Feb 3.
High engineering efficiencies are required for industrial strain development. Due to its user-friendliness and its stringency, CRISPR-Cas-based technologies have strongly increased genome engineering efficiencies in bacteria. This has enabled more rapid metabolic engineering of both the model host Escherichia coli and non-model organisms like Clostridia, Bacilli, Streptomycetes and cyanobacteria, opening new possibilities to use these organisms as improved cell factories. The discovery of novel Cas9-like systems from diverse microbial environments will extend the repertoire of applications and broaden the range of organisms in which it can be used to create novel production hosts. This review analyses the current status of prokaryotic metabolic engineering towards the production of biotechnologically relevant products, based on the exploitation of different CRISPR-related DNA/RNA endonuclease variants.
工业菌株的开发需要高度的工程效率。由于其易用性和严格性，基于 CRISPR-Cas 的技术极大地提高了细菌的基因组工程效率。这使得模型宿主大肠杆菌和非模型生物（如梭菌、芽孢杆菌、链霉菌和蓝细菌）的代谢工程能够更快地进行，为将这些生物用作改良的细胞工厂开辟了新的可能性。从不同微生物环境中发现的新型 Cas9 样系统将扩展应用范围，并拓宽可用于创建新型生产宿主的生物体范围。本综述基于不同的 CRISPR 相关 DNA/RNA 内切酶变体的利用，分析了目前利用原核生物代谢工程生产生物技术相关产品的现状。
