Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Emergency Medicine Service, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705.
Annu Rev Med. 2018 Jan 29;69:379-394. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-052716-030320.
Recent advances in the field of infectious disease diagnostics have given rise to a number of host- and pathogen-centered diagnostic approaches. Most diagnostic approaches in contemporary infectious disease focus on pathogen detection and characterization. Host-focused diagnostics have recently emerged and are based on detecting the activation of biological pathways that are highly specific to the type of infecting pathogen (e.g., viral, bacterial, protozoan, fungal). Although this progress is encouraging, it is unlikely that any single diagnostic platform will fully address the clinician's need for actionable data with short turnaround times in all settings.
传染病诊断领域的最新进展催生了许多以宿主和病原体为中心的诊断方法。当代传染病的大多数诊断方法都集中于病原体的检测和特征描述。以宿主为中心的诊断方法最近出现，其基于检测对感染病原体（例如，病毒、细菌、原生动物、真菌）高度特异的生物途径的激活。尽管这一进展令人鼓舞，但不太可能有任何单一的诊断平台能够在所有情况下都充分满足临床医生对具有较短周转时间的可操作数据的需求。
