Yusuf Abdulkareem J, Baiyewu Olusegun, Bakari Adamu G, Garko Sani B, Jibril Mohammed E-B, Suleiman Aishatu M, Muktar Haruna M, Amedu Micheal A
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Psychogeriatrics. 2018 May;18(3):216-223. doi: 10.1111/psyg.12309. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
The relationship between dementia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older adults is well established in the literature. However, there have been few studies on this relationship in older adults living in low- and middle-income countries, and most demographic projections predict that older adult population will increase substantially in these regions by 2050.
In this study, older adults with T2DM attending a tertiary health facility were examined and compared with community-dwelling older adults without T2DM. The participants were assessed using the Consortium to Establish Registry for Alzheimer's Disease, the Stick Design Test, the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale. Additionally, all the participants had a physical examination, including assessment of glycated haemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, and HIV status. A consensus diagnosis of dementia was made based on the criteria for dementia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, and the International Classification for Diseases, 10th edition. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.
This study included 224 diabetic patients and 116 controls. A total of 27 diabetic patients (12.1%) had dementia, 19 of whom were women. Of the 27 diabetic patients with dementia, 25 patients (92.6%) had Alzheimer's disease and 2 patients (7.4%) had mixed dementia (vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease). Only one person among the controls had Alzheimer's type dementia. Dementia in the diabetic patients was significantly associated with advancing age, female gender, education level, duration of diabetes, and absence of a spouse.
Dementia is common in older adults with T2DM in this low-resource setting, and the risk factors for dementia were similar to those reported in earlier studies in Western societies.
老年痴呆症与2型糖尿病（T2DM）之间的关系在文献中已有充分记载。然而，针对低收入和中等收入国家老年人中这种关系的研究较少，而且大多数人口预测表明，到2050年这些地区的老年人口将大幅增加。
在本研究中，对一家三级医疗机构中患有T2DM的老年人进行了检查，并与未患T2DM的社区老年人进行了比较。使用阿尔茨海默病注册协会量表、棒框设计测验、30项老年抑郁量表和日常生活活动能力量表对参与者进行评估。此外，所有参与者都进行了体格检查，包括糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、血脂谱和艾滋病毒状况的评估。根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第4版和《国际疾病分类》第10版中的痴呆症标准做出痴呆症的共识诊断。使用Windows版SPSS 20对数据进行分析。
本研究纳入了224名糖尿病患者和116名对照者。共有27名糖尿病患者（12.1%）患有痴呆症，其中19名是女性。在这27名患有痴呆症的糖尿病患者中，25名患者（92.6%）患有阿尔茨海默病，2名患者（7.4%）患有混合性痴呆（血管性痴呆和阿尔茨海默病）。对照组中只有一人患有阿尔茨海默型痴呆。糖尿病患者中的痴呆症与年龄增长、女性性别、教育水平、糖尿病病程和无配偶显著相关。
在这种资源匮乏的环境中，痴呆症在患有T2DM的老年人中很常见，痴呆症的危险因素与西方社会早期研究中报告的相似。
