Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria.
J Infect Dis. 2018 Apr 23;217(10):1590-1600. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiy075.
A quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination program targeting females aged 12-13 years commenced in Australia in 2007, with catch-up vaccination of 14-26 year olds through 2009. We evaluated the program's impact on HPV prevalence among women aged 18-35 in 2015.
HPV prevalence among women aged 18-24 and 25-35 was compared with prevalence in these age groups in 2005-2007. For women aged 18-24, we also compared prevalence with that in a postvaccine study conducted in 2010-2012.
For the 2015 sample, Vaccination Register-confirmed 3-dose coverage was 53.3% (65.0% and 40.3% aged 18-24 and 25-35, respectively). Prevalence of vaccine HPV types decreased from 22.7% (2005-2007) and 7.3% (2010-2012), to 1.5% (2015) (P trend < .001) among women aged 18-24, and from 11.8% (2005-2007) to 1.1% (2015) (P = .001) among those aged 25-35.
This study, reporting the longest surveillance follow-up to date, shows prevalence of vaccine-targeted HPV types has continued to decline among young women. A substantial fall also occurred in women aged 25-35, despite lower coverage. Strong herd protection and effectiveness of less than 3 vaccine doses likely contributed to these reductions.
澳大利亚于 2007 年开始针对 12-13 岁女性实施四价人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗接种计划，并于 2009 年扩大至 14-26 岁女性的补种。我们评估了该计划在 2015 年对 18-35 岁女性 HPV 流行率的影响。
比较了 18-24 岁和 25-35 岁女性 HPV 的流行率，与 2005-2007 年这两个年龄组的流行率进行比较。对于 18-24 岁的女性，我们还比较了与 2010-2012 年疫苗接种后研究中的流行率。
在 2015 年的样本中，疫苗接种登记系统确认的 3 剂疫苗接种率为 53.3%（18-24 岁和 25-35 岁分别为 65.0%和 40.3%）。18-24 岁女性中，疫苗 HPV 型别流行率从 22.7%（2005-2007 年）和 7.3%（2010-2012 年）下降至 1.5%（2015 年）（趋势 P <.001），25-35 岁女性从 11.8%（2005-2007 年）下降至 1.1%（2015 年）（P =.001）。
本研究报告了迄今为止最长的监测随访结果，表明年轻女性中疫苗针对的 HPV 型别的流行率持续下降。尽管接种率较低，但 25-35 岁女性的流行率也大幅下降。强有力的群体保护和不到 3 剂疫苗的有效性可能促成了这些减少。
