Amir Siti Maisara, Idris Idayu Badilla, Said Zakiah Mohd, Yusoff Hanizah Mohd, Manaf Mohd Rizal Abdul
Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kompleks E, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan, 62590 Putrajaya, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya, Malaysia.
Iran J Public Health. 2023 Jun;52(6):1108-1120. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v52i6.12952.
This study reviewed cervical cancer policies implemented in developing countries that adhered to WHO standards. Despite long being known as a preventable disease, cervical cancer is still one of the leading causes of mortality among women. Nine out of ten cervical cancer deaths occurred in less-developed countries, suggesting that the preventive and control approaches in these countries might differ from those in developed nations.
Cervical cancer policies in six developing countries from each WHO region were selected while related data from the Cervical Cancer Country Profiles 2021 by WHO were retrieved for comparison.
The cervical cancer policies that were included in this review were from Malaysia, Thailand, Iran, Kenya, Argentina, and Ukraine. According to the latest guidelines on the management of cervical cancers, WHO recommendations have been elaborated on primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. A comparison of policies among these selected countries showed variation in each level of prevention. The cancer burden in each country was also found to determine the progression of cervical cancer prevention and policy controls in these countries.
This review emphasizes the dissimilarities of cervical cancer policies in six developing countries compared to recommendations by the WHO. Identifying these discrepancies could help policymakers in developing nations to recognize the pressing issues surrounding cervical cancer prevention and establish more effective prevention and control approaches.
本研究回顾了发展中国家实施的符合世界卫生组织标准的宫颈癌政策。尽管宫颈癌长期以来一直被认为是一种可预防的疾病，但它仍是女性死亡的主要原因之一。十分之九的宫颈癌死亡病例发生在欠发达国家，这表明这些国家的预防和控制方法可能与发达国家不同。
从世界卫生组织各区域选取六个发展中国家的宫颈癌政策，并检索世界卫生组织《2021年宫颈癌国家概况》中的相关数据进行比较。
本综述纳入的宫颈癌政策来自马来西亚、泰国、伊朗、肯尼亚、阿根廷和乌克兰。根据宫颈癌管理的最新指南，世界卫生组织对一级、二级和三级预防提出了建议。对这些选定国家的政策进行比较发现，每个预防层面都存在差异。还发现每个国家的癌症负担决定了这些国家宫颈癌预防和政策控制的进展。
本综述强调了六个发展中国家的宫颈癌政策与世界卫生组织建议的不同之处。识别这些差异有助于发展中国家的政策制定者认识到围绕宫颈癌预防的紧迫问题，并建立更有效的预防和控制方法。
