Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2018 May;151:307-313. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.02.002. Epub 2018 Feb 7.
The purine nucleoside adenosine is a present in most body fluids where it regulates a wide variety of physiologic and pharmacologic processes. Adenosine mediates its effects through activating 4 G protein-coupled receptors expressed on the cell membrane: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. The adenosine receptors are widely distributed in the body, and tissues with high expression include immune tissues, cartilage, bone, heart, and brain. Here we review the source and metabolism of adenosine and the role of adenosine in regulating immunity and cartilage biology.
嘌呤核苷腺苷存在于大多数体液中，调节着广泛的生理和药理过程。腺苷通过激活细胞膜上表达的 4 种 G 蛋白偶联受体(A1、A2A、A2B 和 A3)来发挥其作用。腺苷受体在体内广泛分布，高表达的组织包括免疫组织、软骨、骨骼、心脏和大脑。本文综述了腺苷的来源和代谢及其在调节免疫和软骨生物学中的作用。
