Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Hringbraut 31, 101, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2018 Aug;26(8):2424-2429. doi: 10.1007/s00167-018-4859-9. Epub 2018 Feb 10.
The anterior cruciate ligament is loaded through valgus moment, vertical ground reaction force, and internal rotation moment. The aim of this study was to compare the timing of force peaks during early stance between youth girls and boys.
One-hundred and twenty-nine team sport athletes aged 9-12 completed a total of 2540 cutting maneuvers captured with an 8-camera motion capture system. Timing of early force peaks was analyzed within 100 ms after ground contact.
Genders showed different mean (95% CI) time to peak valgus-(32 ms (30-33 ms) vs 37 ms (36-38 ms), P < 0.001) and time to peak internal rotation moments (36 ms (35-37 ms) vs 38 ms (37-39 ms), P = 0.029) but not time to peak vertical ground reaction force [38 ms (37-40 ms) vs 37 ms (36-38 ms, n.s.)]. Girls showed a smaller time between vertical ground reaction force and valgus moment peaks (mean (95% CI) of 1 ms (1-2 ms) vs 7 ms (5-9 ms), P < 0.001), and valgus- and internal rotation moment peaks (0 ms (- 2 to 1.0 ms) vs - 5 ms (- 6 to - 3 ms), P = 0.0003) but not between internal rotation moment and vertical ground reaction force.
Concurrent force peaks are more common for girls compared with boys, leading to more frequent multi-planar loading of the knee. Timing may explain sex-dependent risk of ACL injuries. Exposure to repeated cutting movements may result in greater ACL injury risk due to timing of knee forces as well as magnitude. Such exposure should be minimized for at-risk athletes.
III.
前交叉韧带在受到外翻力矩、垂直地面反作用力和内旋力矩的作用下会产生负荷。本研究的目的是比较青少年女孩和男孩在早期支撑阶段力峰值的出现时间。
共有 129 名 9-12 岁的团队运动运动员完成了 2540 次切割动作，这些动作是通过 8 个摄像机运动捕捉系统捕捉到的。在接触地面后 100 毫秒内分析早期力峰值的出现时间。
性别之间表现出不同的平均（95%置信区间）峰值外翻时间（32 毫秒（30-33 毫秒）比 37 毫秒（36-38 毫秒），P < 0.001）和峰值内旋时间（36 毫秒（35-37 毫秒）比 38 毫秒（37-39 毫秒），P = 0.029），但垂直地面反作用力峰值时间没有差异[38 毫秒（37-40 毫秒）比 37 毫秒（36-38 毫秒，n.s.）]。女孩的垂直地面反作用力和外翻力矩峰值之间的时间间隔较小（平均值（95%置信区间）为 1 毫秒（1-2 毫秒）比 7 毫秒（5-9 毫秒），P < 0.001），以及外翻力矩和内旋力矩峰值之间的时间间隔较小（0 毫秒（- 2 至 1.0 毫秒）比- 5 毫秒（- 6 至- 3 毫秒），P = 0.0003），但内旋力矩和垂直地面反作用力之间的时间间隔没有差异。
与男孩相比，女孩的同时出现力峰值更为常见，导致膝关节更频繁地受到多平面的加载。时间可能可以解释 ACL 损伤的性别依赖性风险。由于膝关节力的出现时间和幅度，反复进行切割动作可能会导致更大的 ACL 损伤风险。对于高危运动员，应尽量减少这种暴露。
III 级
