Aleshnya V V, Zhuravlev P V, Panasovets O P
Gig Sanit. 2016;95(8):785-9.
The paper presents experimental data on the pesticides action (molinate (OrdramA), Dinitroortocresolum and chlorophos) at concentrations of 0.01 mg /l to 10 mg/l on sanitary-indicative (TBC, total coliform bacteria, E. coli, E. faecalis), potentially pathogenic ( Ps. aeruginosa) and pathogenic (S. Derby) microflora of the river water. As the test cultures there were used isolated from the reservoir and museum strains of microorganisms. Due to the fact that the rate of decomposition ofpesticides in water increases in direct proportion to the extent of its biological contamination, the experiments were performed with the river water: native and sterilized by autoclaving. There were identified species and strain differences in the microbial response to the action of pesticides. The selectivity of OrdramA action at a concentration of 0.1 to 10 mg/l on Salmonella and of chlorophos at a concentration of 10 mg/l for Salmonella and E. coli is manifested in the stimulation of the reproduction of these bacteria. Dinitroortocresolum in concentrations of 10 mg/l and 1 mg/l gives rise in the reproduction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and inhibits the growth of total coliform bacteria and E. coli, in a concentration of 0.1 mg/l the preparation stimulates the viability of all the studied microorganisms. When entering the body of water, pesticides were found to cause changes of biocenosis in the river water and disturb bacterial self-cleaning processes. In conditions of pesticide pollution total coliform bacteria, E. coli and E. faecalis unable to maintain their indicative value and therefore the use of only them for the evaluation of the sanitary-epidemiological status of the water source appears to be insufficient. Due to the fact that the epidemic potential of water is directly dependent on quantitative content ofpathogenic and opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms in it, the reproduction Salmonella and Pseudomonas bacteria is a negative moment from the sanitary and epidemiological point of view.
本文展示了在浓度为0.01毫克/升至10毫克/升的情况下，农药（禾大壮（OrdramA）、二硝基邻甲酚和毒死蜱）对河水的卫生指示菌（总细菌数、总大肠菌群、大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌）、潜在致病菌（铜绿假单胞菌）和致病菌（德尔卑沙门氏菌）菌群的实验数据。实验使用了从水库分离出的微生物菌株以及标准菌株。由于水中农药的分解速率与生物污染程度成正比，因此实验采用了天然河水和经高压灭菌的河水。研究发现微生物对农药作用的反应存在物种和菌株差异。浓度为0.1至10毫克/升的禾大壮对沙门氏菌有选择性作用，浓度为10毫克/升的毒死蜱对沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌有选择性作用，表现为刺激这些细菌的繁殖。浓度为10毫克/升和1毫克/升的二硝基邻甲酚会促进铜绿假单胞菌的繁殖，并抑制总大肠菌群和大肠杆菌的生长，而浓度为0.1毫克/升时该制剂会刺激所有研究微生物的活力。农药进入水体后，会导致河水中生物群落发生变化，并干扰细菌的自我净化过程。在农药污染的情况下，总大肠菌群、大肠杆菌和粪肠球菌无法保持其指示价值，因此仅用它们来评估水源的卫生流行病学状况似乎是不够的。由于水的流行潜力直接取决于其中致病和机会致病微生物的数量，从卫生和流行病学角度来看，沙门氏菌和假单胞菌的繁殖是不利的。
