Fritz Nicole B, Juesas Álvaro, Gargallo Pedro, Calatayud Joaquín, Fernández-Garrido Julio, Rogers Michael E, Colado Juan C
1 Kinesiology Department, Austral University of Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
2 Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Biol Res Nurs. 2018 May;20(3):321-334. doi: 10.1177/1099800418757676. Epub 2018 Feb 11.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a resistance training program (RTP) in older overweight women (OOW) using two different types of elastic devices.
This study was a randomized controlled trial with pre- and postintervention measures. Participants included OOW, aged 60-85 years, with no medical history of disease that would preclude them from engaging in physical exercise. Participants were randomly divided into the following groups: elastic tubes with handles group (ETG; n = 22), traditional elastic bands group ( n = 21), and control group (CG; n = 20). Exercise groups (EGs) performed the following supervised RTP: 8 weeks, twice weekly, six overall body exercises, and 3-4 sets of 10 repetitions at a rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of 7-9 on the OMNI-Resistance Exercise Scale of perceived exertion. The controls did not change their usual lifestyle. Outcome measures included body composition (BC; total and regional percentage of fat mass [FM] and fat-free mass [FFM]) and physical performance (PP; dynamic and isometric strength, flexibility, agility/dynamic balance, and endurance).
Both EGs exhibited significantly reduced FM in the upper limbs (ULs) and trunk and increased FFM in the UL, while the ETG exhibited a significantly increased trunk FFM. Both EGs improved in PP, and there were no intergroup differences. Trunk FM and FFM and meters walked differed significantly between the ETG and CG. The CG did not exhibit any significant changes.
Training with elastic devices at a moderate-high RPE produces short-term improvements in BC and PP in OOW.
本研究旨在调查使用两种不同类型弹性装置的阻力训练计划（RTP）对老年超重女性（OOW）的影响。
本研究为一项采用干预前后测量的随机对照试验。参与者为60 - 85岁的OOW，无会妨碍其进行体育锻炼的疾病病史。参与者被随机分为以下几组：带把手弹性管组（ETG；n = 22）、传统弹性带组（n = 21）和对照组（CG；n = 20）。运动组（EGs）进行以下有监督的RTP：为期8周，每周两次，进行六项全身锻炼，以自感用力度（RPE）7 - 9的速率进行3 - 4组，每组10次重复，自感用力度采用OMNI - 阻力运动自感用力度量表。对照组保持其通常的生活方式不变。结果测量包括身体成分（BC；脂肪量[FM]和去脂体重[FFM]的总体及局部百分比）和身体性能（PP；动态和静态力量、柔韧性、敏捷性/动态平衡以及耐力）。
两个运动组的上肢（ULs）和躯干的FM均显著降低，UL的FFM增加，而ETG的躯干FFM显著增加。两个运动组的PP均有所改善，且组间无差异。ETG和CG在躯干FM、FFM以及行走距离方面存在显著差异。对照组未表现出任何显著变化。
以中高RPE使用弹性装置进行训练可使OOW的身体成分和身体性能在短期内得到改善。
