Kou Longfa, Bhutia Yangzom D, Yao Qing, He Zhonggui, Sun Jin, Ganapathy Vadivel
Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.
Municipal Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2018 Jan 26;9:27. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00027. eCollection 2018.
Targeted nano-drug delivery systems conjugated with specific ligands to target selective cell-surface receptors or transporters could enhance the efficacy of drug delivery and therapy. Transporters are expressed differentially on the cell-surface of different cell types, and also specific transporters are expressed at higher than normal levels in selective cell types under pathological conditions. They also play a key role in intestinal absorption, delivery via non-oral routes (e.g., pulmonary route and nasal route), and transfer across biological barriers (e.g., blood-brain barrier and blood-retinal barrier. As such, the cell-surface transporters represent ideal targets for nano-drug delivery systems to facilitate drug delivery to selective cell types under normal or pathological conditions and also to avoid off-target adverse side effects of the drugs. There is increasing evidence in recent years supporting the utility of cell-surface transporters in the field of nano-drug delivery to increase oral bioavailability, to improve transfer across the blood-brain barrier, and to enhance delivery of therapeutics in a cell-type selective manner in disease states. Here we provide a comprehensive review of recent advancements in this interesting and important area. We also highlight certain key aspects that need to be taken into account for optimal development of transporter-assisted nano-drug delivery systems.
与特定配体偶联以靶向选择性细胞表面受体或转运蛋白的靶向纳米药物递送系统，可以提高药物递送和治疗的效果。转运蛋白在不同细胞类型的细胞表面差异表达，并且在病理条件下，特定转运蛋白在选择性细胞类型中的表达水平高于正常水平。它们在肠道吸收、非口服途径（如肺部途径和鼻腔途径）的递送以及跨生物屏障（如血脑屏障和血视网膜屏障）的转运中也起着关键作用。因此，细胞表面转运蛋白是纳米药物递送系统的理想靶点，有助于在正常或病理条件下将药物递送至选择性细胞类型，同时避免药物的脱靶副作用。近年来，越来越多的证据支持细胞表面转运蛋白在纳米药物递送领域的应用，以提高口服生物利用度、改善血脑屏障的转运以及在疾病状态下以细胞类型选择性的方式增强治疗药物的递送。在此，我们对这一有趣且重要领域的最新进展进行全面综述。我们还强调了在转运蛋白辅助纳米药物递送系统的优化开发中需要考虑的某些关键方面。
