Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2018 Oct;27(10):1261-1281. doi: 10.1007/s00787-018-1119-y. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with significant impairments in social, educational, and occupational functioning, as well as specific strengths. Currently, there is no internationally accepted standard to assess the functioning of individuals with ADHD. WHO's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health-child and youth version (ICF) can serve as a conceptual basis for such a standard. The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive, a common brief, and three age-appropriate brief ICF Core Sets for ADHD. Using a standardised methodology, four international preparatory studies generated 132 second-level ICF candidate categories that served as the basis for developing ADHD Core Sets. Using these categories and following an iterative consensus process, 20 ADHD experts from nine professional disciplines and representing all six WHO regions selected the most relevant categories to constitute the ADHD Core Sets. The consensus process resulted in 72 second-level ICF categories forming the comprehensive ICF Core Set-these represented 8 body functions, 35 activities and participation, and 29 environmental categories. A Common Brief Core Set that included 38 categories was also defined. Age-specific brief Core Sets included a 47 category preschool version for 0-5 years old, a 55 category school-age version for 6-16 years old, and a 52 category version for older adolescents and adults 17 years old and above. The ICF Core Sets for ADHD mark a milestone toward an internationally standardised functional assessment of ADHD across the lifespan, and across educational, administrative, clinical, and research settings.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与社会、教育和职业功能以及特定优势的显著损害有关。目前，没有国际公认的标准来评估 ADHD 患者的功能。世界卫生组织的《国际功能、残疾和健康分类-儿童和青少年版》（ICF）可以作为制定此类标准的概念基础。本研究的目的是制定一个全面的、通用的和三个适合年龄的 ADHD 综合核心分类。使用标准化方法，四项国际预备研究产生了 132 个二级 ICF 候选类别，作为制定 ADHD 核心分类的基础。使用这些类别，并遵循迭代共识过程，来自九个专业学科的 20 名 ADHD 专家和代表世界卫生组织所有六个区域的专家选择了最相关的类别来构成 ADHD 核心分类。共识过程产生了 72 个二级 ICF 类别，构成了全面的 ICF 核心分类-这些类别代表了 8 个身体功能、35 个活动和参与以及 29 个环境类别。还定义了一个通用的简短核心分类，其中包括 38 个类别。特定年龄的简短核心分类包括一个适用于 0-5 岁的 47 类别学龄前版本，一个适用于 6-16 岁的 55 类别学龄版本，以及一个适用于 17 岁及以上的青少年和成人的 52 类别版本。ADHD 的 ICF 核心分类标志着朝着在整个生命周期、在教育、行政、临床和研究环境中对 ADHD 进行国际标准化功能评估的方向迈出了重要一步。
