Doohan Isabelle, Gyllencreutz Lina, Björnstig Ulf, Saveman Britt-Inger
Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Section of Surgery, Centre for Research and Development in Disaster Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2018 Sep;32(3):1179-1187. doi: 10.1111/scs.12563. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
There is a lack of long-term follow-up studies focused on injured and uninjured survivors' experiences of the recovery process after major traffic crashes.
To explore all survivors' experiences of long-term physical and psychological consequences and recovery 5 years after a major bus crash.
A qualitative design was used to explore experiences in a 5-year follow-up study.
Participants were 54 survivors of a bus crash with 56 survivors and six fatalities. Telephone interviews were analysed with qualitative content analysis.
The first category, 'Being resilient or suffering in daily life', has four subcategories covering quick recovery, suffering in daily life, distress in traffic situations and long-term pain. Reasons for quick recovery among survivors were previous crisis experiences, travelling alone, being uninjured and not being exposed to traumatic impressions. For the other survivors, being reminded of the crash caused disturbing reactions, such as sweating, anxiety and flashbacks. Survivors avoided going by bus if they could. A group of the injured survivors was still suffering from limiting and painful injuries. The second category, 'Reassessing oneself and social connections', has three subcategories covering self-awareness, impact on relationships and connectedness. Survivors either developed a stronger bond to their significant other or separated from their partner within the first couple of years. Friendships and a sense of connectedness among survivors were sources of long-lasting comfort and support. The theme overarching the categories is 'Visible and existential marks in everyday life', representing the various ways in which the crash influence the survivors' lives.
There is a need for more information about disruptive long-lasting consequences, such as travel anxiety, and available treatments. Initially, health-promoting connectedness can be facilitated by treating survivors as a group of people who belong together, from the day of the crash and throughout the recovery process.
缺乏针对重大交通事故中受伤和未受伤幸存者恢复过程经历的长期随访研究。
探讨大型公交车事故发生5年后所有幸存者长期的身体和心理后果及恢复情况。
采用定性设计在一项为期5年的随访研究中探索相关经历。
参与者为一起公交车事故的54名幸存者，此次事故共造成56人幸存、6人死亡。通过定性内容分析法对电话访谈进行分析。
第一类，“在日常生活中坚韧或痛苦”，有四个子类别，涵盖快速恢复、日常生活中的痛苦、交通状况下的困扰和长期疼痛。幸存者快速恢复的原因包括既往危机经历、独自出行、未受伤以及未接触创伤性印象。对于其他幸存者而言，事故的回忆会引发令人不安的反应，如出汗、焦虑和闪回。幸存者尽可能避免乘坐公交车。一群受伤的幸存者仍遭受着限制性和疼痛性损伤的折磨。第二类，“重新评估自我和社会关系”，有三个子类别，涵盖自我认知、对人际关系的影响和联系感。幸存者要么与重要他人建立了更紧密的联系，要么在最初几年内与伴侣分开。幸存者之间的友谊和联系感是持久安慰和支持的来源。这些类别的总体主题是“日常生活中可见的和关乎生存的印记”，代表了事故影响幸存者生活的各种方式。
需要更多关于诸如出行焦虑等持续性不良后果及可用治疗方法的信息。最初，从事故发生之日起直至整个恢复过程，将幸存者视为一个相互关联的群体，有助于促进具有健康促进作用的联系感。
