Division of Anatomy, Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Radiology, Kaiser-Franz-Josef Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
J Anat. 2018 Jun;232(6):979-986. doi: 10.1111/joa.12792. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
Studies examining thick skin of the thumb pad have challenged the existence of an arterial plexus in the papillary dermis. Instead of a plexus, discrete arterial units, interconnected by arterio-arterial anastomoses, were identified. We hypothesise that the dermal arteries of thin skin are arranged likewise and that there are fewer arterio-arterial anastomoses in the centre of an angiosome than in zones where neighbouring angiosomes overlap. To test these hypotheses, we examined the dermal arteries in the centre of the cutaneous angiosome of the descending genicular artery (DGA) and its zone of overlap with neighbouring angiosomes. Using traditional perfusion techniques, the cutaneous angiosomes of the DGA and the popliteal artery were identified in 11 fresh frozen human lower limbs. Biopsies were harvested from the centre of the cutaneous DGA angiosome and from the zone where neighbouring vascular territories overlapped. Employing high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM), digital volume data were generated and the dermal arteries were three-dimensionally reconstructed and examined. In all examined skin areas, the dermal arteries showed tree-like ramifications. The branches of the dermal arteries were connected on average by 1.73 ± 1.01 arterio-arterial anastomoses in the centre of the DGA angiosome and by 3.27 ± 1.27 in the zone where angiosomes overlapped. We demonstrate that discrete but overlapping dermal arterial units with a mean dimension of 1.62 ± 1.34 and 1.80 ± 1.56 mm , respectively, supply oxygen and nutrients to the superficial dermis and epidermis of the thin skin of the medial femur. This forms the basis for diagnosing and researching skin pathologies.
研究检查拇指垫厚皮已对乳头真皮中动脉丛的存在提出质疑。 取而代之的是离散的动脉单位，通过动脉-动脉吻合相互连接。 我们假设薄皮的真皮动脉排列方式相同，并且在血管体中心的吻合比在相邻血管体重叠的区域中的吻合少。 为了验证这些假设，我们检查了下行膝下动脉（DGA）和其与相邻血管体重叠区域的皮肤血管体中心的真皮动脉。 使用传统的灌注技术，在 11 个新鲜冷冻的人类下肢中鉴定了 DGA 和腘动脉的皮肤血管体。 从皮肤 DGA 血管体的中心和相邻血管区域重叠的区域采集活检。 采用高分辨率的内窥镜显微镜（HREM），生成数字体积数据，并对真皮动脉进行三维重建和检查。 在所有检查的皮肤区域，真皮动脉均显示出树状分支。 真皮动脉的分支在 DGA 血管体中心平均通过 1.73 ± 1.01 个动脉-动脉吻合连接，在血管体重叠的区域通过 3.27 ± 1.27 个吻合连接。 我们证明，具有平均尺寸为 1.62 ± 1.34 和 1.80 ± 1.56 mm 的离散但重叠的真皮动脉单位分别向内侧股骨的薄皮肤的浅真皮和表皮提供氧气和营养物质。 这为诊断和研究皮肤病理学奠定了基础。
