Division of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.
Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2018 Feb 14;18(3):9. doi: 10.1007/s11910-018-0818-6.
At any point in time, there are hundreds of armed conflicts throughout the world. Neuropsychological disorders are a major cause of morbidity during and after armed conflicts. Conditions such as closed and open head injuries, acute stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and psychosis are prevalent among survivors. Herein, we summarize information on the various forms of torture, the resultant neuropsychological pathology, and treatment strategies to help survivors.
Strategies to address the needs of individuals who experienced neuropsychological trauma due to armed conflicts and torture include pharmacological and psychological interventions. The former includes antidepressant, antianxiety, and antipsychotic medications. The latter includes narrative exposure therapy and trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy. Neuropsychological disorders are major causes of morbidity among survivors of armed conflicts and torture. Treatment strategies must be affordable, applicable across cultures, and deliverable by individuals who understand the victims' psychosocial and ethnic background.
在任何时候，世界各地都有数百起武装冲突。神经心理障碍是武装冲突期间和之后发病率的主要原因。在幸存者中，常见的病症有闭合性和开放性头部损伤、急性应激障碍、创伤后应激障碍、抑郁、焦虑和精神病等。在此，我们总结了各种形式的酷刑、由此产生的神经心理病理学以及治疗策略，以帮助幸存者。
解决因武装冲突和酷刑而遭受神经心理创伤的个体需求的策略包括药物和心理干预。前者包括抗抑郁药、抗焦虑药和抗精神病药。后者包括叙事暴露疗法和创伤聚焦认知行为疗法。神经心理障碍是武装冲突和酷刑幸存者发病率的主要原因。治疗策略必须负担得起、适用于各种文化，并由了解受害者社会心理和种族背景的个人提供。
