a Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University , Ho Chi Minh City , Vietnam.
b Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University , Ho Chi Minh City , Vietnam.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2019;59(14):2169-2188. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1440191. Epub 2018 Mar 15.
The traditional consumption of edible insects is common in one third of the world's population, mostly in Latin America, Africa and Asia. There are over one thousand identified species of insects eaten in some stage of their life cycle; and they play important roles in ensuring food security. The most common way to collect insects are from the wild, which is seasonal with limited availability and has an increasing demand resulting in a disruption to the ecosystem. There is a growing interest shown in rearing insects for commercial purposes, and an industrial scale production will be required to ensure steady supplies. Industrial production will need to take into account the living environment of insects, the nutritional composition of their feed and the overall efficiency of the production system. We provide a short overview on the consumption of and rearing insects in Africa, Asia and Europe. For Africa, a snapshot is given for Nigeria, Ghana, Central African Republic, Kenya and Uganda, while the following countries are reported for Asia: China, Japan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Thailand and Vietnam. In addition, a list of insect species with the highest potential for food and feed in the European Union is provided with some reference to The Netherlands and Finland. The review concludes that there is need to better understand the rearing and farming procedures that will yield high quality edible insects in Africa, Asia and Europe.
食用昆虫的传统消费在世界人口的三分之一中很常见，主要分布在拉丁美洲、非洲和亚洲。在其生命周期的某个阶段，有超过一千种昆虫被食用，它们在确保粮食安全方面发挥着重要作用。最常见的昆虫采集方式是从野外采集，这种方式具有季节性、供应有限且需求不断增加的特点，从而对生态系统造成破坏。人们对养殖昆虫用于商业目的的兴趣日益浓厚，需要进行工业规模的生产，以确保稳定的供应。工业生产需要考虑昆虫的生活环境、饲料的营养成分以及生产系统的整体效率。我们简要概述了非洲、亚洲和欧洲的昆虫消费和养殖情况。对于非洲，我们以尼日利亚、加纳、中非共和国、肯尼亚和乌干达为例进行了介绍，而对于亚洲，我们则报告了中国、日本、老挝人民民主共和国、泰国和越南的情况。此外，还提供了一份在欧盟具有最高食物和饲料潜力的昆虫物种清单，并提到了荷兰和芬兰的一些情况。综述得出的结论是，有必要更好地了解在非洲、亚洲和欧洲生产高质量食用昆虫所需的养殖和养殖程序。
