Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
Food Res Int. 2019 Dec;126:108672. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108672. Epub 2019 Sep 10.
Globally, there is a need to seek alternative sources of protein in addition to meat. This has led to considerable interest in edible insects. Such insects form part of cultures and diets in many Asian and African countries, and are an excellent source of essential nutrients, minerals, vitamins and proteins. Furthermore, they have been reported to be sustainable. The ecological importance of insects is related to their short life cycles when reared and farmed. This makes them ideal in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, cutting land uses and polluted water, and reducing environmental contamination. However, the use of edible insects as food in Europe is minimal. To ensure safety of insects when eaten as food, considerations should be made on: microbiological contamination; toxicological hazards, e.g. chemical hazards and antinutrients; allergenicity issues that are related to different exposures, including injection, ingestion, inhalation and skin contact. In this review, we summarize the nutritional and sustainable values of edible insects, look at safety and legislative measures and we finally discuss future issues.
全球范围内，除了肉类之外，人们还需要寻找其他蛋白质来源。这使得人们对食用昆虫产生了浓厚的兴趣。在许多亚洲和非洲国家，这些昆虫是文化和饮食的一部分，是必需营养素、矿物质、维生素和蛋白质的极好来源。此外，据报道，它们是可持续的。昆虫的生态重要性与其在养殖和养殖时的短生命周期有关。这使得它们在缓解温室气体排放、减少土地利用和污染水以及减少环境污染方面非常理想。然而，在欧洲，食用昆虫作为食物的使用量非常少。为了确保食用昆虫时的安全性，应考虑以下几点：微生物污染；毒理学危害，例如化学危害和抗营养因子；与不同暴露途径（包括注射、摄入、吸入和皮肤接触）相关的变应原性问题。在这篇综述中，我们总结了食用昆虫的营养价值和可持续性价值，探讨了安全性和立法措施，最后讨论了未来的问题。
