San Diego Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Global, Escondido, California 92027-7000, USA; email:
Ecological Risk Assessment and Control Section, Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan; email:
Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2018 Feb 15;6:83-98. doi: 10.1146/annurev-animal-030117-014556.
Because living cells can be saved for indefinite periods, unprecedented opportunities for characterizing, cataloging, and conserving biological diversity have emerged as advanced cellular and genetic technologies portend new options for preventing species extinction. Crucial to realizing the potential impacts of stem cells and assisted reproductive technologies on biodiversity conservation is the cryobanking of viable cell cultures from diverse species, especially those identified as vulnerable to extinction in the near future. The advent of in vitro cell culture and cryobanking is reviewed here in the context of biodiversity collections of viable cell cultures that represent the progress and limitations of current efforts. The prospects for incorporating collections of frozen viable cell cultures into efforts to characterize the genetic changes that have produced the diversity of species on Earth and contribute to new initiatives in conservation argue strongly for a global network of facilities for establishing and cryobanking collections of viable cells.
由于活细胞可以无限期保存，因此，随着先进的细胞和基因技术预示着防止物种灭绝的新选择，出现了对生物多样性进行描述、编目和保护的空前机会。为了实现干细胞和辅助生殖技术对生物多样性保护的潜在影响，至关重要的是对来自不同物种的可行细胞培养物进行低温保存，特别是那些被确定为在不久的将来容易灭绝的物种。本文在对生物多样性可行细胞培养物收集的背景下，回顾了体外细胞培养和低温保存的出现，这些收集物代表了当前努力的进展和局限性。将冷冻可行细胞培养物收集物纳入描述产生地球物种多样性的遗传变化并为保护的新举措做出贡献的努力的前景强烈支持建立和低温保存可行细胞收集物的全球网络设施。
