Dublin Zoo, Phoenix Park, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Natural Sciences, Zoology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Zoo Biol. 2023 Nov-Dec;42(6):697-708. doi: 10.1002/zoo.21787. Epub 2023 Jun 7.
Although cryobanking represents a powerful conservation tool, a lack of standardized information on the species represented in global cryobanks, and inconsistent prioritization of species for future sampling, hinder the conservation potential of cryobanking, resulting in missed conservation opportunities. We analyze the representation of amphibian, bird, mammal, and reptile species within the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance Frozen Zoo® living cell collection (as of April 2019) and implement a qualitative framework for the prioritization of species for future sampling. We use global conservation assessment schemes (including the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species™, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), the Alliance for Zero Extinction, the EDGE of Existence, and Climate Change Vulnerability), and opportunities for sample acquisition from the global zoo and aquarium community, to identify priority species for cryobanking. We show that 965 species, including 5% of all IUCN Red List "Threatened" amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles, were represented in the collection and that sampling from within existing zoo and aquarium collections could increase representation to 16.6% (by sampling an additional 707 "Threatened" species). High-priority species for future cryobanking efforts include the whooping crane (Grus americana), crested ibis (Nipponia nippon), and Siberian crane (Leucogeranus leucogeranus). Each of these species are listed under every conservation assessment scheme and have ex situ populations available for sampling. We also provide species prioritizations based on subsets of these assessment schemes together with sampling opportunities from the global zoo and aquarium community. We highlight the difficulties in obtaining in situ samples, and encourage the formation of a global cryobanking database together with the establishment of new cryobanks in biodiversity-rich regions.
虽然低温保存库代表了一种强大的保护工具，但由于缺乏全球低温保存库中所代表物种的标准化信息，以及对未来采样物种的优先级不一致，阻碍了低温保存库的保护潜力，导致错失了保护机会。我们分析了圣地亚哥动物园野生动物联盟冷冻动物园®活细胞收藏（截至 2019 年 4 月）中两栖动物、鸟类、哺乳动物和爬行动物物种的代表性，并实施了一个定性框架，对未来采样的物种进行优先级排序。我们使用全球保护评估计划（包括国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）濒危物种红色名录™、濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约（CITES）、零灭绝联盟、生存边缘、以及气候变化脆弱性），以及从全球动物园和水族馆社区获取样本的机会，确定低温保存库的优先物种。我们表明，该收藏中包含 965 个物种，包括 IUCN 红色名录“受威胁”的所有两栖动物、鸟类、哺乳动物和爬行动物的 5%，并且从现有的动物园和水族馆收藏中采样可以将代表性提高到 16.6%（通过额外采样 707 个“受威胁”物种）。未来低温保存库努力的高优先级物种包括美洲鹤（Grus americana）、朱鹮（Nipponia nippon）和西伯利亚鹤（Leucogeranus leucogeranus）。这些物种中的每一个都在每一个保护评估计划中列出，并且有可用的原地种群进行采样。我们还根据这些评估计划的子集以及来自全球动物园和水族馆社区的采样机会提供了物种优先级排序。我们强调了获得原地样本的困难，并鼓励建立一个全球低温保存库数据库，以及在生物多样性丰富的地区建立新的低温保存库。
