Fernandes Marcela, Valente Sandra Gomes, Sabongi Rodrigo Guerra, Gomes Dos Santos João Baptista, Leite Vilnei Mattioli, Ulrich Henning, Nery Arthur Andrade, da Silva Fernandes Maria José
Division of Hand and Upper Limb Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Neural Regen Res. 2018 Jan;13(1):100-104. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.224378.
Studies have confirmed that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used for treatment of several nervous system diseases. However, isolation of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) is an invasive and painful process and the yield is very low. Therefore, there is a need to search for other alterative stem cell sources. Adipose-derived MSCs (ADSCs) have phenotypic and gene expression profiles similar to those of BMSCs. The production of ADSCs is greater than that of BMSCs, and ADSCs proliferate faster than BMSCs. To compare the effects of venous grafts containing BMSCs or ADSCs on sciatic nerve injury, in this study, rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham (only sciatic nerve exposed), Matrigel (MG; sciatic nerve injury + intravenous transplantation of MG vehicle), ADSCs (sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing ADSCs), and BMSCs (sciatic nerve injury + intravenous MG containing BMSCs) groups. Sciatic functional index was calculated to evaluate the function of injured sciatic nerve. Morphologic characteristics of nerves distal to the lesion were observed by toluidine blue staining. Spinal motor neurons labeled with Fluoro-Gold were quantitatively assessed. Compared with sham-operated rats, sciatic functional index was lower, the density of small-diameter fibers was significantly increased, and the number of motor neurons significantly decreased in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Neither ADSCs nor BMSCs significantly improved the sciatic nerve function of rats with sciatic nerve injury, increased fiber density, fiber diameters, axonal diameters, myelin sheath thickness, and G ratios (axonal diameter/fiber diameter ratios) in the sciatic nerve distal to the lesion site. There was no significant difference in the number of spinal motor neurons among ADSCs, BMSCs and MG groups. These results suggest that neither BMSCs nor ADSCs provide satisfactory results for peripheral nerve repair when using MG as the conductor for engraftment.
研究已证实，骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）可用于治疗多种神经系统疾病。然而，分离骨髓来源的间充质干细胞（BMSCs）是一个侵入性且痛苦的过程，并且产量非常低。因此，需要寻找其他替代干细胞来源。脂肪来源的间充质干细胞（ADSCs）具有与BMSCs相似的表型和基因表达谱。ADSCs的产量高于BMSCs，并且ADSCs比BMSCs增殖更快。为了比较含有BMSCs或ADSCs的静脉移植物对坐骨神经损伤的影响，在本研究中，将大鼠随机分为四组：假手术组（仅暴露坐骨神经）、基质胶组（MG；坐骨神经损伤 + 静脉注射MG载体）、ADSCs组（坐骨神经损伤 + 静脉注射含ADSCs的MG）和BMSCs组（坐骨神经损伤 + 静脉注射含BMSCs的MG）。计算坐骨神经功能指数以评估受损坐骨神经的功能。通过甲苯胺蓝染色观察损伤部位远端神经的形态学特征。对用荧光金标记的脊髓运动神经元进行定量评估。与假手术大鼠相比，坐骨神经损伤大鼠的坐骨神经功能指数较低，小直径纤维密度显著增加，运动神经元数量显著减少。ADSCs和BMSCs均未显著改善坐骨神经损伤大鼠的坐骨神经功能，未增加损伤部位远端坐骨神经的纤维密度、纤维直径、轴突直径、髓鞘厚度和G比值（轴突直径/纤维直径比值）。ADSCs、BMSCs和MG组之间脊髓运动神经元数量无显著差异。这些结果表明，当使用MG作为移植导体时，BMSCs和ADSCs均不能为周围神经修复提供满意的结果。
