Sargolzaei Javad, Chamani Elham, Kazemi Tooba, Fallah Soudabeh, Soori Hosna
Department of Biochemistry, Institute Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Clin Biochem. 2018 Apr;54:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.02.008. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
Obesity is one of the major public health concerns that is closely associated with obesity-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by excess cholesterol deposition in the arterial intima and the formation of foam cells. Adipocytokines or adipokines are secreted by the adipose tissue as endocrine glands; adiponectin and adipolin are among these adipokines that are associated with obese and insulin-resistant phenotypes. Adipolin and adiponectin are cytokines that exert substantial impact on obesity, progression of atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and glucose metabolism. In this paper, we review the formation of macrophage foam cells, which are associated with atherosclerosis, and the macrophage mechanism, which includes uptake, esterification, and release. We also summarize current information on adipose tissue-derived hormone and energy homeostasis in obesity. Finally, the role of adipokines, e.g., adipoline and adiponectin, in regulating metabolic, cardiovascular diseases is discussed.
肥胖是主要的公共卫生问题之一，与肥胖相关疾病密切相关，如2型糖尿病（T2DM）、高血压和动脉粥样硬化。动脉粥样硬化是一种慢性病，其特征是动脉内膜中胆固醇过度沉积以及泡沫细胞的形成。脂肪细胞因子或脂肪因子由作为内分泌腺的脂肪组织分泌；脂联素和脂肪调节素是这些与肥胖和胰岛素抵抗表型相关的脂肪因子。脂肪调节素和脂联素是对肥胖、动脉粥样硬化进展、胰岛素抵抗和葡萄糖代谢产生重大影响的细胞因子。在本文中，我们综述了与动脉粥样硬化相关的巨噬细胞泡沫细胞的形成以及巨噬细胞机制，包括摄取、酯化和释放。我们还总结了肥胖中脂肪组织衍生激素和能量稳态的当前信息。最后，讨论了脂肪因子，如脂肪调节素和脂联素，在调节代谢和心血管疾病中的作用。
