1.General Surgery Resident, Department of Surgery,University of California Davis,Sacramento,CaliforniaUSA.
2.Director Israel Center for Defense Medicine and Humanitarian Response,Sheba Medical Center,Tel Aviv,Israel.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019 Jun;34(3):330-334. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X19004242. Epub 2019 Apr 26.
It has become clear that disaster relief needs to transition from good intentions or a charity-based approach to a professional, outcome-oriented response. The practice of medicine in disaster and conflict is a profession practiced in environments where lack of resources, chaos, and unpredictability are the norm rather than the exception. With this consideration in mind, the World Health Organization (WHO; Geneva, Switzerland) and its partners set out to improve the disaster response systems. The resulting Emergency Medical Team (EMT) classification system requires that teams planning on engaging in disaster response follow common standards for the delivery of care in resource-constraint environments. In order to clarify these standards, the WHO EMT Secretariat collaborated with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC; Geneva, Switzerland) and leading experts from other stakeholder non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to produce a guide to the management of limb injuries in disaster and conflict.The resulting text is a free and open-access resource to provide guidance for national and international EMTs caring for patients in disasters and conflicts. The content is a result of expert consensus, literature review, and an iterative process designed to encourage debate and resolution of existing open questions within the field of disaster and conflict medical response.The end result of this process is a text providing guidance to providers seeking to deliver safe, effective care within the EMT framework that is now part of the EMT training and verification system and is being distributed to ICRC teams deploying to the field.This work seeks to encourage professionalization of the field of disaster and conflict response, and to contribute to the existing EMT framework, in order to provide for better care for future victims of disaster and conflict.Jensen G, Bar-On E, Wiedler JT, Hautz SC, Veen H, Kay AR, Norton I, Gosselin RA, von Schreeb J. Improving management of limb injuries in disasters and conflicts. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(3):330-334.
很明显，救灾工作需要从良好的意愿或慈善为基础的方法转变为专业的、注重结果的应对。在灾难和冲突中行医是一种在资源匮乏、混乱和不可预测的环境中实践的职业。考虑到这一点，世界卫生组织（WHO；瑞士日内瓦）及其合作伙伴着手改善灾害应对系统。由此产生的紧急医疗队（EMT）分类系统要求计划参与灾害应对的团队遵循在资源有限环境中提供护理的共同标准。为了澄清这些标准，世卫组织 EMT 秘书处与红十字国际委员会（ICRC；瑞士日内瓦）以及来自其他利益攸关方非政府组织（NGO）的领先专家合作，编写了一份关于在灾难和冲突中管理四肢损伤的指南。该指南是一个免费的开放获取资源，旨在为在灾害和冲突中照顾患者的国家和国际 EMT 提供指导。内容是专家共识、文献回顾和迭代过程的结果，旨在鼓励辩论并解决灾害和冲突医疗应对领域内现有的悬而未决的问题。这一过程的最终结果是一份指南，为在 EMT 框架内寻求提供安全、有效的护理的提供者提供指导，该指南现已成为 EMT 培训和验证系统的一部分，并分发给部署到现场的 ICRC 团队。这项工作旨在鼓励灾害和冲突应对领域的专业化，并为现有的 EMT 框架做出贡献，以便为未来灾害和冲突的受害者提供更好的护理。Jensen G, Bar-On E, Wiedler JT, Hautz SC, Veen H, Kay AR, Norton I, Gosselin RA, von Schreeb J. 改善灾害和冲突中的四肢损伤管理。 院前灾难医学。2019;34(3):330-334.
