Kuppili Pooja Patnaik, Parmar Arpit, Gupta Ankit, Balhara Yatan Pal Singh
Department of Psychiatry, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.
Department of Psychiatry, National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2018 Jan-Mar;9(1):117-122. doi: 10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_243_17.
Substance use disorders are comparable to chronic medical illnesses and have a chronic relapsing course. Despite being significant contributors to morbidity and mortality, limited treatment options exist. The current narrative review was aimed at providing an overview of yoga therapy in substance-use disorders and discuss the relevant methodological issues. Articles published in English language till May 2017 indexed with PubMed, PubMed central, and Google Scholar were searched using search terms "Yoga," "Substance use," "Drug dependence," "Nicotine," "Tobacco," "Alcohol," "Opioids," "Cannabis," "Cocaine," "Stimulants," "Sedative hypnotics," "Inhalants," and "Hallucinogens" for inclusion in the review. A total of 314 studies were found fulfilling the stated criteria. Out of which, 16 studies were found to fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria and 12 were randomized control trials. The majority of studies were available on the role of yoga in management of nicotine dependence. Sample size of these studies ranged from 18 to 624. The majority of studies suggested the role of yoga in reducing substance use as well as substance-related craving (especially in nicotine-use disorders) in short term. However, more studies are required for demonstrating the long-term effects of yoga therapy in substance-use disorder.
物质使用障碍与慢性疾病类似，具有慢性复发性病程。尽管它们是导致发病和死亡的重要因素，但可用的治疗选择有限。本叙述性综述旨在概述瑜伽疗法在物质使用障碍中的应用，并讨论相关的方法学问题。使用搜索词“瑜伽”、“物质使用”、“药物依赖”、“尼古丁”、“烟草”、“酒精”、“阿片类药物”、“大麻”、“可卡因”、“兴奋剂”、“镇静催眠药”、“吸入剂”和“致幻剂”，检索了截至2017年5月在PubMed、PubMed Central和谷歌学术上索引的英文文章，以纳入本综述。共发现314项研究符合所述标准。其中，16项研究符合纳入和排除标准，12项为随机对照试验。大多数研究涉及瑜伽在尼古丁依赖管理中的作用。这些研究的样本量从18到624不等。大多数研究表明，瑜伽在短期内可减少物质使用以及与物质相关的渴望（尤其是在尼古丁使用障碍中）。然而，需要更多研究来证明瑜伽疗法在物质使用障碍中的长期效果。
