Haghshenas Mandana, Veisani Yousef, Sahebi Ali
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Department of Medical Emergencies and Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Mar 27;10(7):e28896. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28896. eCollection 2024 Apr 15.
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a clinical syndrome that may manifest itself in non-leg parts of the body as well, called RLS variant, which is considered a distinct entity by some researchers. In this systematic review, we tried to evaluate various clinical features and effective treatments of RLS variants and compare them with that of typical RLS.
This study was conducted following the PRISMA guideline. The primary search was performed in the data resources of Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus, as well as the Google Scholar search engine. The required data were extracted from the studies.
In this review, 1565 studies were initially identified and finally 39 studies were selected. The most common RLS variants were observed to involve hands, head, abdomen, and genitalia. These patients mostly complained of sleep disturbance and feelings of itching, tingling and twitching. Supportive diagnostic criteria of RLS including familial history of RLS, periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) and response to treatment with dopaminergic agents were assessed.
It seems that patients with RLS variant can undergo the same diagnostic and therapeutic work-up as patients with conventional RLS. It is suggested that these two disorders fall into the same syndromic spectrum.
不宁腿综合征（RLS）是一种临床综合征，其也可能在身体的非腿部部位表现出来，称为RLS变异型，一些研究人员认为这是一种独特的实体。在这项系统评价中，我们试图评估RLS变异型的各种临床特征和有效治疗方法，并将它们与典型RLS的特征和治疗方法进行比较。
本研究按照PRISMA指南进行。主要检索在Medline（PubMed）、科学网和Scopus的数据资源以及谷歌学术搜索引擎中进行。所需数据从研究中提取。
在本评价中，最初识别出1565项研究，最终选择了39项研究。观察到最常见的RLS变异型累及手部、头部、腹部和生殖器。这些患者大多抱怨睡眠障碍以及瘙痒、刺痛和抽搐感。评估了RLS的支持性诊断标准，包括RLS家族史、睡眠期间周期性肢体运动（PLMS）以及对多巴胺能药物治疗的反应。
似乎RLS变异型患者可以接受与传统RLS患者相同诊断和治疗流程。建议这两种疾病属于同一综合征谱。
