Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Environ Res. 2018 Jul;164:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.008. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
Hypertension is a highly prevalent cardiovascular risk factor. It is possible that air pollution, also an established cardiovascular risk factor, may contribute to cardiovascular disease through increasing blood pressure. Previous studies evaluating associations between air pollution and blood pressure have had mixed results.
We examined the association between long-term (one-year moving average) air pollutant exposures, prevalent hypertension and blood pressure in 4121 older Americans (57+ years) enrolled in the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. We estimated exposures to PM using spatio-temporal models and used logistic regression accounting for repeated measures to evaluate the association between long-term average PM and prevalence odds of hypertension. We additionally used linear regression to evaluate the associations between air pollutants and systolic, diastolic, mean arterial, and pulse pressures. Health effect models were adjusted for a number of demographic, health and socioeconomic covariates.
An inter-quartile range (3.91 μg/m) increase in the one-year moving average of PM was associated with increased: Odds of prevalent hypertension (POR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.38), systolic blood pressure (0.93 mm Hg, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.80) and pulse pressure (0.89 mm Hg, 95% CI: 0.21, 1.58). Dose-response relationships were also observed.
PM was associated with increased odds of prevalent hypertension, and increased systolic pressure and pulse pressure in a cohort of older Americans. These findings add to the growing evidence that air pollution may be an important risk factor for hypertension and perturbations in blood pressure.
高血压是一种高发的心血管危险因素。已确定的心血管危险因素之一空气污染，可能通过升高血压从而导致心血管疾病。此前评估空气污染与血压之间关联的研究结果不一。
我们在纳入的 4121 名美国老年人（57 岁及以上）中，评估了长期（一年移动平均）空气污染物暴露与高血压前期和血压之间的关系。我们使用时空模型估计 PM 暴露情况，并采用重复测量的逻辑回归来评估 PM 的长期平均浓度与高血压前期的患病率比值比之间的关联。我们还采用线性回归来评估空气污染物与收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压和脉搏压之间的关联。健康效应模型调整了多项人口统计学、健康和社会经济协变量。
一年移动平均 PM 每增加一个四分位距（3.91μg/m），与以下因素呈正相关：高血压前期的患病比值比（POR 1.24，95%CI：1.11，1.38）、收缩压（0.93mmHg，95%CI：0.05，1.80）和脉搏压（0.89mmHg，95%CI：0.21，1.58）。还观察到了剂量-反应关系。
PM 与高血压前期的患病比值比增加，以及美国老年人的收缩压和脉搏压升高相关。这些发现增加了越来越多的证据，即空气污染可能是高血压和血压波动的一个重要危险因素。
