Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, P.M.B. 1, Abraka, Nigeria.
School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 May;25(13):12373-12390. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-1113-9. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
The concentrations of eight metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe) were measured in soils under different land use in an urban environment of the Niger Delta in Nigeria. The aim was to provide information on the potential ecological and human health risks associated with human exposure to metals in these soils. The potential ecological risk due to metals in soils of these land use types falls in the range of low to moderate ecological risk with a significant contribution from Cd. The severity of the individual metals to ecological risk in these land use types followed the order Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Mn. The non-carcinogenic risk, expressed in terms of the hazard index (HI), arising through exposure to metals through oral, dermal and inhalation pathways, was greater than 1 for children in the majority of the land use types and less than 1 for adults for all land use types. This indicated that there are considerable non-cancer risks arising from childhood exposure to metals in soils of these land use types. The cancer risk values were within acceptable threshold values indicating a negligible cancer risk for both children and adults exposed to metals in these urban soils.
在尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲的城市环境中，对不同土地利用类型下的土壤中 8 种金属（Cd、Pb、Cr、Ni、Cu、Mn、Zn 和 Fe）的浓度进行了测量。目的是提供与人类接触这些土壤中金属相关的潜在生态和人类健康风险信息。这些土地利用类型的土壤中金属的潜在生态风险属于低到中等生态风险范围，Cd 有显著贡献。这些土地利用类型中，个别金属对生态风险的严重程度依次为 Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Mn。通过口服、皮肤和吸入途径接触金属而产生的非致癌风险（以危害指数 (HI) 表示），在大多数土地利用类型中儿童的风险大于 1，而在所有土地利用类型中成年人的风险均小于 1。这表明，这些土地利用类型的土壤中金属对儿童的非癌症风险较大。癌症风险值处于可接受的阈值范围内，表明儿童和成年人接触这些城市土壤中的金属的癌症风险可忽略不计。
