Zhang J, Gong M
Department of Urology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Andrologia. 2018 Feb 20. doi: 10.1111/and.12965.
Since discovered in 1994, leptin has been thought to be a pleiotropic hormone that regulates food intake, controls energy balance in the body and influences multiple tissues in the body. Leptin plays an important mediating role in the regulation of neuroendocrine and can transmit the nutritional status signals to the reproductive-related central nervous system. Many studies have shown that leptin may play an important role in the control of reproductive function. Leptin can act on all levels of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and may have local effects on the function of testis and spermatogenesis. Leptin is critical for puberty initiation and can also modulate testosterone synthesis by downregulating cAMP-dependent activation of steroidogenic genes expressions. Leptin is found to be higher in infertile men than in normal subjects. Yet, the exact role of leptin in the regulation of male reproductive function remains incomplete. The purpose of this review was to summarise the recent research about the biological effects of leptin on male reproductive system. In-depth study of leptin in reproductive system will help to reveal the pathogenesis of infertility and provide new treatment ideas for human assisted reproductive technology.
自1994年被发现以来，瘦素一直被认为是一种多效性激素，它调节食物摄入，控制体内能量平衡，并影响身体的多个组织。瘦素在神经内分泌调节中起重要的中介作用，并能将营养状况信号传递给与生殖相关的中枢神经系统。许多研究表明，瘦素可能在生殖功能的控制中起重要作用。瘦素可作用于下丘脑-垂体-性腺（HPG）轴的各个水平，并且可能对睾丸功能和精子发生有局部影响。瘦素对青春期启动至关重要，还可通过下调环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）依赖性类固醇生成基因表达的激活来调节睾酮合成。研究发现，不育男性体内的瘦素水平高于正常受试者。然而，瘦素在男性生殖功能调节中的确切作用仍不明确。本综述的目的是总结瘦素对男性生殖系统生物学效应的最新研究。对生殖系统中瘦素的深入研究将有助于揭示不育症的发病机制，并为人类辅助生殖技术提供新的治疗思路。
