Hirano Atsushi, Umeno Junji, Okamoto Yasuharu, Shibata Hiroki, Ogura Yoshitoshi, Moriyama Tomohiko, Torisu Takehiro, Fujioka Shin, Fuyuno Yuta, Kawarabayasi Yutaka, Matsumoto Takayuki, Kitazono Takanari, Esaki Motohiro
Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Feb 20. doi: 10.1111/jgh.14129.
The gut microbiota is suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, interindividual and spatial variations hamper the identification of UC-related changes. We thus investigated paired mucosa-associated microbiota obtained from both inflamed and non-inflamed sites of UC patients and corresponding sites of non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) controls.
Mucosal biopsies of both inflamed and non-inflamed sites were obtained from 14 patients with active UC of the left-sided or proctitis type. Paired mucosal biopsies of the corresponding sites were obtained from 14 non-IBD controls. The microbial community structure was investigated using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences, followed by data analysis using qiime and LEfSe softwares.
Microbial alpha diversity in both inflamed and non-inflamed sites was significantly lower in UC patients compared with non-IBD controls. There were more microbes of the genus Cloacibacterium and the Tissierellaceae family, and there were less microbes of the genus Neisseria at the inflamed site when compared with the non-inflamed site in UC patients. Decreased abundance of the genera Prevotella, Eubacterium, Neisseria, Leptotrichia, Bilophila, Desulfovibrio, and Butyricimonas was evident at the inflamed site of UC patients compared with the corresponding site of non-IBD controls. Among these taxa, the genera Prevotella and Butyricimonas were also less abundant at the non-inflamed site of UC patients compared with the corresponding site in non-IBD controls.
Mucosal microbial dysbiosis occurs at both inflamed and non-inflamed sites in UC patients. The taxa showing altered abundance in UC patients might mediate colonic inflammation.
肠道微生物群被认为在溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的发病机制中起重要作用。然而，个体间和空间上的差异阻碍了与UC相关变化的识别。因此，我们研究了从UC患者的炎症和非炎症部位以及非炎症性肠病（IBD）对照的相应部位获取的配对黏膜相关微生物群。
从14例左侧或直肠炎型活动性UC患者的炎症和非炎症部位获取黏膜活检样本。从14例非IBD对照中获取相应部位的配对黏膜活检样本。使用16S核糖体RNA基因序列研究微生物群落结构，随后使用qiime和LEfSe软件进行数据分析。
与非IBD对照相比，UC患者炎症和非炎症部位的微生物α多样性均显著降低。与UC患者的非炎症部位相比，炎症部位的泄殖腔杆菌属和蒂氏菌科微生物更多，奈瑟菌属微生物更少。与非IBD对照的相应部位相比，UC患者炎症部位的普雷沃菌属、真杆菌属、奈瑟菌属、纤毛菌属、嗜胆菌属、脱硫弧菌属和丁酸单胞菌属的丰度明显降低。在这些分类群中，与非IBD对照中的相应部位相比，UC患者非炎症部位的普雷沃菌属和丁酸单胞菌属也较少。
UC患者的炎症和非炎症部位均发生黏膜微生物失调。在UC患者中丰度发生改变的分类群可能介导结肠炎症。
