Himalayan Cryosphere Science Division, ESSO-National Center for Antarctica and Ocean Research, Ministry of Earth Science, Vascodagama, Goa, India.
Divecha Center for Climate Change, Center for Atmospheric and Ocean Science, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2018 Feb 20;190(3):154. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6520-y.
Hydrological regimes of most of the Himalayan river catchments are poorly studied due to sparse hydro-meteorological data. Hence, stream runoff assessment becomes difficult for various socio-industrial activities in the Himalaya. Therefore, an attempt is made in this study to assess the stream runoff of Baspa River in Himachal Pradesh, India, by evaluating the contribution from snow-ice melt and rainfall runoff. The total volume of flow was computed for a period of 15 years, from 2000 to 2014, and validated with the long-term field discharge measurements, obtained from Jaipee Hydropower station (31° 32' 35.53″ N, 78° 00' 54.80″ E), at Kuppa barrage in the basin. The observations suggest (1) a good correlation (r > 0.80) between the modeled runoff and field discharge measurements, and (2) out of the total runoff, 81.2% are produced by snowmelt, 11.4% by rainfall, and 7.4% from ice melt. The catchment receives ~75% of its total runoff in the ablation period (i.e., from May to September). In addition, an early snowmelt is observed in accumulation season during study period, indicating the significant influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on high-altitude areas.
由于水文气象数据稀疏，喜马拉雅河流域的大部分水文状况研究不足。因此，喜马拉雅地区的各种社会产业活动的河川径流量评估变得困难。因此，本研究试图通过评估冰雪融化和降雨径流对印度喜马偕尔邦巴斯帕河的河川径流量进行评估。在 2000 年至 2014 年的 15 年期间计算了总流量，并与从流域内库帕坝的贾皮水电站（31°32'35.53″N，78°00'54.80″E）获得的长期实地流量测量进行了验证。观测结果表明：（1）模型化径流量与实地流量测量之间具有良好的相关性（r＞0.80）；（2）总径流量中，81.2％由融雪产生，11.4％由降雨产生，7.4％由冰融化产生。该流域在消融期（即 5 月至 9 月）获得其总径流量的约 75％。此外，在研究期间的积累季节中观察到了较早的融雪，这表明自然和人为因素对高海拔地区的影响很大。
