Furley Tatiana Heid, Brodeur Julie, Silva de Assis Helena C, Carriquiriborde Pedro, Chagas Katia R, Corrales Jone, Denadai Marina, Fuchs Julio, Mascarenhas Renata, Miglioranza Karina Sb, Miguez Caramés Diana Margarita, Navas José Maria, Nugegoda Dayanthi, Planes Estela, Rodriguez-Jorquera Ignacio Alejandro, Orozco-Medina Martha, Boxall Alistair Ba, Rudd Murray A, Brooks Bryan W
Aplysia Environmental Consulting, Vitória, Brazil.
Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Integr Environ Assess Manag. 2018 May;14(3):344-357. doi: 10.1002/ieam.2023. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
The Global Horizon Scanning Project (GHSP) is an innovative initiative that aims to identify important global environmental quality research needs. Here we report 20 key research questions from Latin America (LA). Members of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) LA and other scientists from LA were asked to submit research questions that would represent priority needs to address in the region. One hundred questions were received, then partitioned among categories, examined, and some rearranged during a workshop in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Twenty priority research questions were subsequently identified. These research questions included developing, improving, and harmonizing across LA countries methods for 1) identifying contaminants and degradation products in complex matrices (including biota); 2) advancing prediction of contaminant risks and effects in ecosystems, addressing lab-to-field extrapolation challenges, and understanding complexities of multiple stressors (including chemicals and climate change); and 3) improving management and regulatory tools toward achieving sustainable development. Whereas environmental contaminants frequently identified in these key questions were pesticides, pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors or modulators, plastics, and nanomaterials, commonly identified environmental challenges were related to agriculture, urban effluents, solid wastes, pulp and paper mills, and natural extraction activities. Several interesting research topics included assessing and preventing pollution impacts on conservation protected areas, integrating environment and health assessments, and developing strategies for identification, substitution, and design of less hazardous chemicals (e.g., green chemistry). Finally, a recurrent research need included developing an understanding of differential sensitivity of regional species and ecosystems to environmental contaminants and other stressors. Addressing these critical questions will support development of long-term strategic research efforts to advance more sustainable environmental quality and protect public health and the environment in LA. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:344-357. © 2018 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
全球视野扫描项目（GHSP）是一项创新举措，旨在确定全球重要的环境质量研究需求。在此，我们报告来自拉丁美洲（LA）的20个关键研究问题。拉丁美洲环境毒理学与化学学会（SETAC）的成员以及来自拉丁美洲的其他科学家被要求提交代表该地区优先解决需求的研究问题。共收到100个问题，随后在阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯举行的一次研讨会上进行了分类、审查，并对一些问题进行了重新排列。随后确定了20个优先研究问题。这些研究问题包括在拉丁美洲各国开发、改进和统一以下方法：1）识别复杂基质（包括生物群）中的污染物和降解产物；2）推进生态系统中污染物风险和影响的预测，应对从实验室到实地的外推挑战，并理解多种压力源（包括化学物质和气候变化）的复杂性；3）改进管理和监管工具以实现可持续发展。这些关键问题中经常提到的环境污染物有农药、药品、内分泌干扰物或调节剂、塑料和纳米材料，常见的环境挑战与农业、城市污水、固体废物、纸浆和造纸厂以及自然开采活动有关。几个有趣的研究主题包括评估和预防污染对保护保护区的影响、整合环境与健康评估，以及制定识别、替代和设计危害较小的化学品（如绿色化学）的策略。最后，一个反复出现的研究需求包括了解区域物种和生态系统对环境污染物及其他压力源的不同敏感性。解决这些关键问题将有助于开展长期战略研究工作，以提升更可持续的环境质量，并保护拉丁美洲的公众健康和环境。《综合环境评估与管理》2018年；14：344 - 357。© 2018作者。《综合环境评估与管理》由威利期刊公司代表环境毒理学与化学学会（SETAC）出版。
