Saprykin Dmitry L
Acta Hist Leopoldina. 2016(68):133-145.
The paper is devoted to one of the most important and, at the same time, relatively unexplored phases in the history of Russian science and technology. The Great War coincided with the beginning of a heyday in science, engineering education, and technology in Russia. It was precisely the time in which Russia's era of "Big Science" was emer- ging. Many Russian and Soviet technical projects and scientific schools were rooted in the time of the Great War. The "engineerization" of science and a "physical-technical" way of thinking had already begun before the war. But it was precisely the war which encouraged a large proportion of the Russian academic community to take part in industrial projects. Academics also played a significant role in developing concepts and implementing strategic plans during the Great War. This article also discusses how the organization of science and the academic community was transformed during, and after, the Great War. And it looks at the impact that war had on Russia's participation in the international scientific community.
本文致力于探讨俄罗斯科学技术史上最重要但同时又相对未被充分研究的阶段之一。第一次世界大战恰逢俄罗斯科学、工程教育和技术的鼎盛时期的开端。正是在这个时期，俄罗斯的“大科学”时代开始兴起。许多俄罗斯和苏联的技术项目及科学流派都起源于第一次世界大战时期。科学的“工程化”以及“物理 - 技术”思维方式在战前就已经开始。但恰恰是这场战争促使很大一部分俄罗斯学术界人士参与到工业项目中。在第一次世界大战期间，学者们在概念发展和战略计划实施方面也发挥了重要作用。本文还讨论了第一次世界大战期间及战后科学组织和学术界是如何转变的。并且审视了战争对俄罗斯参与国际科学界所产生的影响。
