Velasco-Ortega E, Wojtovicz E, España-Lopez A, Jimenez-Guerra A, Monsalve-Guil L, Ortiz-Garcia I, Serrera-Figallo M-A
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Seville, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009-Sevilla, Spain,
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2018 Mar 1;23(2):e230-e236. doi: 10.4317/medoral.21651.
The aim of this prospective study was to report the outcome of treatment with implants inserted after tooth extraction and immediately loaded.
Fifty-six patients with single tooth loss were treated with 116 IPX Galimplant® implants with internal connections and a sandblasted, acid-etched surface. All implants were placed after tooth extraction using a flapless approach without bone regeneration, and they were then immediately loaded with cemented acrylic prostheses. After a period of three months, definitive cemented ceramic prostheses were placed. Patients were examined throughout a total of 4 years of follow-up. Marginal bone loss and survival rates were evaluated using digital periapical radiographs, taking into account clinical variables such as age, gender, smoking, history of periodontitis, etiology of extraction, placement site, diameter, and implant length. The Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests were used to compare differences between subgroups created based on the different clinical variables identified.
Clinical results indicate an implant survival and success rate of 97.4%. Three implants were lost. Of the 116 immediate acrylic single crowns initially placed, 113 were replaced with definitive ceramic crowns after 3 months. A total of 77.8% of implants were inserted in the maxilla, while 22.2% were inserted in the mandible. No further complications were reported after the follow-up period (4 years). The mean marginal bone loss was 0.67 mm ± 0.40 mm. No differences were found among the subgroups of study patients.
This study indicates that dental implants that are inserted after tooth extraction and immediately loaded may constitute a successful and predictable alternative implant treatment.
本前瞻性研究的目的是报告拔牙后即刻植入并即刻负重种植体的治疗结果。
56例单颗牙缺失患者接受了116颗带有内部连接和喷砂酸蚀表面的IPX Galimplant®种植体治疗。所有种植体均采用不翻瓣、不进行骨再生的方法在拔牙后植入，然后即刻用粘结式丙烯酸树脂假体进行负重。3个月后，放置确定性粘结式陶瓷假体。对患者进行了总共4年的随访检查。使用数字化根尖片评估边缘骨吸收和存留率，同时考虑年龄、性别、吸烟、牙周炎病史、拔牙病因、植入部位、直径和种植体长等临床变量。采用Mann-Whitney U检验和Kruskal-Wallis非参数检验比较基于所确定的不同临床变量所形成的亚组之间的差异。
临床结果显示种植体存留率和成功率为97.4%。3颗种植体脱落。最初放置的116颗即刻丙烯酸树脂单冠中，113颗在3个月后被确定性陶瓷冠替代。总共77.8%的种植体植入上颌，22.2%植入下颌。随访期（4年）后未报告进一步的并发症。平均边缘骨吸收为0.67 mm±0.40 mm。研究患者的亚组之间未发现差异。
本研究表明，拔牙后即刻植入并即刻负重的牙种植体可能是一种成功且可预测的种植治疗替代方法。
