University of Tasmania, Australian Maritime College, National Centre for Ports and Shipping, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
University of Tasmania, Australian Maritime College, National Centre for Ports and Shipping, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
Appl Ergon. 2018 May;69:74-92. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2018.01.005. Epub 2018 Jan 17.
This paper investigates the effects of shiphandling manoeuvres on mental workload and physiological reactions in ten marine pilots. Each pilot performed four berthings in a ship simulator. Those berthings were differentiated by two factors, level of difficulty and familiarity with the port. Each berthing could also be divided into five phases, three during the execution and two resting periods, one before and one after the execution (dedicated to baseline physiological data collection). Mental workload was measured through two self assessment scales: the NASA TLX and a Likert scale. Power spectral densities on Beta bands 1 and 2 were obtained from EEG. Heart rate and heart rate variability were obtained from ECG. Pupil dilation was obtained from eye tracking. Workload levels were higher as berthings increased in difficulty level and/or the pilots completed the berthings in unfamiliar ports. Responses differed across specific phases of the berthings. Physiological responses could indirectly monitor levels of mental workload, and could be adopted in future applications to evaluate training improvements and performance. This study provides an example of an applied methodology aiming to define an upper redline of task demands in the context of marine pilotage.
本论文研究了船舶操纵对十名航海驾驶员心理工作量和生理反应的影响。每位驾驶员在船舶模拟器中完成了四个靠泊操作。这些靠泊操作通过两个因素进行区分，即难度级别和港口熟悉程度。每个靠泊操作还可以分为五个阶段，执行前和执行后各有一个休息阶段（用于收集基线生理数据）。心理工作量通过两个自我评估量表进行测量：NASA TLX 和李克特量表。从 EEG 中获得了 Beta 频段 1 和 2 的功率谱密度。从 ECG 中获得了心率和心率变异性。从眼动追踪中获得了瞳孔扩张。随着靠泊难度的增加和/或驾驶员在不熟悉的港口完成靠泊，工作负荷水平会升高。不同的靠泊阶段会有不同的反应。生理反应可以间接监测心理工作量水平，并可在未来的应用中用于评估培训改进和性能。本研究提供了一个应用方法的示例，旨在确定航海驾驶任务需求的上限红线。
