Ohto H, Lin H H, Kawana T, Etoh T, Tohyama H
J Med Virol. 1987 Jan;21(1):1-6. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890210102.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), transmitted by hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive mothers by intrauterine infection, infecting newborns, is closely related to signs and symptoms associated with miscarriage. However, no correlation was observed between intrauterine infection of infants and the presence of antibodies of immunoglobulin M (IgM) class antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) in maternal blood, nor was HBeAg found in maternal or cord sera. These results indicate that contamination by the mother's blood, through placental leakage, plays an important role in HBV infection in utero. Without placental leakage, maternal blood could not pass through the placenta and enter fetal circulation, and so intrauterine infection would not occur, even if very high titers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBeAg were present in maternal blood.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）由乙肝e抗原（HBeAg）阳性的母亲经宫内感染传播给新生儿，与流产相关的体征和症状密切相关。然而，未观察到婴儿宫内感染与母亲血液中针对乙肝核心抗原（抗-HBc）的免疫球蛋白M（IgM）类抗体的存在之间存在相关性，在母亲或脐带血清中也未发现HBeAg。这些结果表明，母亲血液通过胎盘渗漏污染在宫内HBV感染中起重要作用。没有胎盘渗漏，母亲血液就无法穿过胎盘进入胎儿循环，因此即使母亲血液中存在非常高滴度的乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）和HBeAg，也不会发生宫内感染。
